Orders Thysanoptera Siphonaptera Neuroptera

"thysanos” = fringe + "ptera" = wings THYSANOPTERA "thysanos” = fringe + "ptera" = wings “Thrips”

Rasping-sucking mouthparts THYSANOPTERA Very small Antennae short Rasping-sucking mouthparts Front and hind wings with a dense fringe of long hairs (many wingless species)

THYSANOPTERA Metamorphosis Paurometabolous (gradual) egg, nymph, adult

THYSANOPTERA Economic Importance Many thrips are pests of plants, especially grain crops, fruits and vegetables, and ornamentals They can transmit plant pathogens Predatory thrips are beneficial

Lacewings, Antlions, Dobsonflies Order NEUROPTERA Lacewings, Antlions, Dobsonflies

Metamorphosis Holometabolous (complete) (egg, larva, pupa, adult)

Green Lacewing Most adults are green Chewing mouthparts Golden or copper-colored eyes Front and hind wings similar in shape and size Long threadlike antennae

Neuroptera Terrestrial: important predators - lacewings: aphids, scale insects, thrips - antlions: larvae build pits for ants Aquatic: dobsonflies - feed on aquatic insects - serve as food for fish

Siphonaptera

“a” = without + “ptera” = wings Siphonaptera “a” = without + “ptera” = wings Fleas Body bilaterally flattened 2. Piercing/sucking mouthparts 3. Hind coxae enlarged for jumping

Egg  Larva  Pupa  Adult Metamorphosis Holometabolous Egg  Larva  Pupa  Adult

Where do siphonapterans live? - larvae live off host - adults live on host What do siphonatperans eat? - larvae are scavengers - adults eat blood

Economic Importance - Irritating bites - Transmit disease - BUBONIC plague and the rat flea