Darwin’s Theory of Evolution The Puzzle of Life’s Diversity Chapter 15-1 Image from: Biology by Miller and Levine; Prentice Hall Publishing©2006

WRITE A DEFINITION: ________________: change over time; the process by which modern organisms have descended from ancient organisms _______________ a well-supported testable explanation of phenomena that have occurred in the natural world _______________: the preserved remains of ancient organisms

The total variety of all the organisms in the biosphere http://www.millan.net REMEMBER ! The total variety of all the organisms in the biosphere = ________________ Where did all these different organisms come from? How are they related?

What scientific explanation can account for the diversity of life? ANSWER: A collection of ______________, __________, and ___________ known as ________________________

The person who contributed the most to our understanding of http://harrier.users.netlink.co.uk/Darwin_sm.jpg The person who contributed the most to our understanding of evolution was ______________________ In 1831, at age 22, he joined the crew of the _______________ as a naturalist for a ________ voyage around the world. Image from: Biology by Miller and Levine; Prentice Hall Publishing©2006

During his travels, Darwin wrote thousands of pages in his journals, drew pictures of the things he saw, and collected a vast amount of ______________ that led him to propose a _______________________ about the way _____________. http://www.elsie.brandeis.edu/images/journals.gif http://www.24hourmuseum.org.uk/chg/content/images/2003_2233.JPG

DARWIN WONDERED? Wy do Argentina and Australia have ________ ______ even though they have ________ grassland ____________? Why are there no ______ in Australia and no ________ in England? Why have so many species disappeared? How are these ______ species related to living species? http://www.rc.umd.edu/praxis/mitchell/images/dinosaur1.gif

Who Was Charles Darwin? While on his voyage around the world aboard the ____________, Charles Darwin spent about one month observing life on the ____________________. There, he encountered some unique animals, such as _______ and _________. http://www.darwinadventure.com/pictures/galapagos_giantortoise.jpg http://mikebaird.com/ecuador/images/galapagos_off_ecuador_ng_map.jpg

Some were hot and dry, with little vegetation. The Galάpagos Islands are close together but have very different ________. Some were hot and dry, with little vegetation. Others had more rainfall and were rich in vegetation Each island had its own ______ _________ of plant and animal species. Biology by Miller and Levine; Prentice Hall Publishing©2006

Giant Tortoises of the Galápagos Islands Section 15-1 and on Pinta Island, tortoise necks were somewhere in between Pinta Tower Pinta Island Intermediate shell Marchena James Fernandina Santa Cruz Isabela Santa Fe Hood Island Saddle-backed shell Floreana Hood On the desert-like Hood Island, tortoises had long necks… Isabela Island Dome-shaped shell …while on the lush rainforest of Isabela Island, tortoises had short necks…

He began to wonder if animals living on After his voyage, Darwin spent a great deal of time thinking about his findings. He began to wonder if animals living on different islands had once been members of the ______________ that had developed___________ characteristics after becoming ________ from one another in different habitats. Biology by Miller and Levine; Prentice Hall Publishing©2006

Darwin’s Theory of Evolution Ideas that Shaped Darwin’s Thinking Chapter 15-2 Image from: Biology by Miller and Levine; Prentice Hall Publishing©2006

Ideas that shaped Darwin’s thinking: In 1785 ______________ proposes that the EARTH was ________ by _________________ occurring over __________ periods of time, and is _______________ old. http://www.creationism.org/books/TaylorInMindsMen/TaylorIMMc03.htm

Ideas that shaped Darwin’s thinking: In 1833 _______________ explains that the geological processes still ___________ have shaped Earth’s features over _________________ http://www.biologydaily.com/biology/Sir_Charles_Lyell

Ideas that shaped Darwin’s thinking: _____________________ _____________________ _____________________ http://wrgis.wr.usgs.gov/docs/usgsnps/animate/A08.gif

Living things must compete for food, shelter, space, mates http://www.wasatchcomputers.net/gallery/elk_fight.jpg REMEMBER ! Chapter 3 _____________________ Living things must compete for food, shelter, space, mates

Ideas that shaped Darwin’s thinking: __________________ http://www.nndb.com/people/250/000024178/malthus.jpg Ideas that shaped Darwin’s thinking: __________________ He observed that babies were being born faster than people were dying. He reasoned that if the human population continued to grow, sooner or later there would be __________________________

Ideas that shaped Darwin’s thinking: __________________ http://www.educa.rcanaria.es/fundoro/00.corsi.htm Ideas that shaped Darwin’s thinking: __________________ was one of first scientists to recognize living things ________________ and that all species were ___________ from other species. Lamarck published his hypothesis of _________________________________ the year Darwin was born.

The male fiddler crab uses its front claw to _________mates and fight off _____________. Through _________ use, the front claw becomes ________. The fiddler passes on this __________ characteristic to its offspring

What’s wrong with Lamarck’s hypothesis? http://www.geocities.com/arnold_schwarzenegger_pictures/ Lamarck didn’t know about genes and how traits are _______. If you lifted weights your whole young adult life, and then you had children, would your kids be more muscular? NO! ________ traits can ____ be __________ to their offspring.

What’s right with Lamarck’s hypothesis? Lamarck was first to develop a scientific hypothesis about ______________ and recognize that organisms are ___________________________ http://pegasus.cc.ucf.edu/~he599900/giraffeeating.jpg

Match the letter of the idea with the man or men who proposed it: Hutton Lyell Malthus Lamarck Match the letter of the idea with the man or men who proposed it: The earth is really old, and slowly changes Living things pass changes on to their offspring, leading to species changes Sooner or later growing populations run out of resources Living things change slowly over time because of competition for resources, and pass those changes on to their offspring

Concept Map Section 15-3 Evidence of Evolution includes which is composed of which indicates which implies which implies