Chapter 14 Urinary System

Urinary System (2) Kidneys (2) Ureters (1) Urinary Bladder (1) Urethra

Kidney Function Urine production Removes nitrogenous waste __________ Regulates water levels Regulates ______________ Regulates electrolytes

Kidneys Retroperitoneal Between iliac crest and xiphoid process __________ Left higher (usually) ___________(axial plane)

Blood Supply ______________ Renal Vein ____________ From abdominal aorta Renal Vein To IVC ____________ Renal artery and vein

Kidney Anatomy (Macroscopic) Renal (Fibrous) Capsule ______________ Medulla _______________ Renal Columns

Kidney Anatomy (Macroscopic) ________________ From Renal Papilla Major Calyx _______________ Ureter

Kidney Anatomy (Microscopic) _____________ Urine production Approx. ______________per kidney Within _____ (blood supply) and ______ (pyramids)

Ureter Anterior to psoas major From ________to urinary bladder _________ diameter

Ureter Constriction __________ Junction (UPJ) Pelvic Brim Renal pelvis/ureter Pelvic Brim Crossing of iliac blood vessels __________Junction (UVJ) Ureter/bladder

Urinary Bladder Musculomembraneous 350-500 ml capacity Stores and expels urine 350-500 ml capacity 3 openings (___________) (2) ureters (1) urethra

Bladder Locations Posterior to ____________ Female Male Anterior to __________ Male _________ to peritoneal cavity

IVU(P) Prep NPO 8 hours Bowel Prep ________prior to exam ___________

Prior to Injection Verify Patients with urinary catheter Contraindications Signed consent Patients with urinary catheter ______________

IVU Imaging Scout Nephrogram Timed films RPO LPO Prone Tomograms Timed films RPO LPO Prone Upright Post Void

Scout, Timed, Prone _________ Timed imaged should _______________ 15 min, 20 min, 30 min (radiologist control)

Nephrogram Taken ____________post injection CR between iliac crest and xiphoid Shows ___________of kidneys Blood supply

RPO/LPO ____________Oblique CR at iliac crest and midline RPO = ___ kidney in AP and ____ ureter unobstructed LPO = ____kidney in AP and ____ureter unobstructed

Upright Post Void Allow the patient to void ___________ Patient upright and CR __________iliac crest Entire bladder must be seen

Other Urinary System Exams Retrograde Cystography ____________ Voiding Cystourethrogram ___________ Retrograde Urography OR Procedure

Cystogram Urinary Bladder Imaging Done with radiologist Insert urinary catheter (if not already placed) Hang iodinated contrast on IV pole with extension tubing Allow _________ to fill bladder

VCUG Bladder and Urethra Routine __________ set up Remove catheter an image while the ____________

Retrograde Urography In OR with Urologist Post ___________ _________ insertion ________ placement Other