CSc 8320 Advanced Operating Systems Barnali Chakrabarty

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Presentation transcript:

CSc 8320 Advanced Operating Systems Barnali Chakrabarty Cryptography CSc 8320 Advanced Operating Systems Barnali Chakrabarty

Overview What is Cryptography ? Its history And its fundamentals Public and Private Cryptographic Systems Current Work Future Research

What is Cryptography ? The process of converting intelligible information called the plain text into something that is unintelligible, called the cipher text

History of Cryptography 2000 BC in Egypt Atbash Cipher Caesar Cipher around 2000 B.C. in Egypt, where hieroglyphics were used to decorate the tombs of deceased rulers and kings. These hieroglyphics told the story of the life of the king and proclaimed the great acts of his life. They were purposefully cryptic, but not apparently intended to hide the text. Rather, they seem to have been intended to make the text seem more regal and important.

Fundamentals of Cryptography Confidentiality Authenticity Integrity Availability Nonrepudiation Confidentiality is the term used to prevent the disclosure of information to unauthorized individuals or systems. Authenticity implies that the data, transactions, documents should be genuine.Integrity- data cannot be modified Without authorization.

Public Key Cryptographic Systems asymmetric key algorithms the key used to encrypt a message is not the same as the key used to decrypt it

Diffie Hellman Algorithm: A public key Cryptographic Algorithm

Private Key Cryptographic Systems - Also called Symmetric encryption involves using the same key for encryption and decryption.

One Time Pad: A Private Key Cryptographic Algorithms The plain text is combined with a secret random key only once to produce the cipher text

Current Work :Research on Elliptic Curve Cryptography[Q.Qiu04] Offer major advantages over Traditional systems like 1.lesser storage 3.smaller keysize 4.increased speed

Future Work: Research on Quantum Cryptography[5] based on photon physics. A photon vibrates as it travels through space. The angle of vibration is known as polarization of the photon. Using different polarizations, the sender can transmit a unique symmetric key to receiver each time she needs to send a message. Theoretically,the eavesdropper has no chance to intercept this key because of unique properties of quantum physics

References [1]http://all.net/BOOKS/IP/cHAP2-1.HTML [2]http://gdp.globus.org/gt4-tutorial/multiplehtml/ch09s03.html [3]http://en.kioskea.net/contents/crypto/cleprivee.php3 [4] Research on elliptic curve cryptography, Qizhi Qiu , Qianxing Xiong,2004 [5]http://www.uhisrc.com/FTB/Cryptography/FTBCryptograph y.pdf [6]Distributed Operating Systems and Algorithm Analysis, Andy Chow & Theodore Johnson,1997 [7]Wikipedia