ROMANIAN MONASTERIES ‘’Crossing bridges from past to present’’ MINISTERUL EDUCAŢIEI NAȚIONALE INSPECTORATUL ŞCOLAR JUDEŢEAN DOLJ ŞCOALA GIMNAZIALĂ TEASC 13-PM-241-DJ-BG Scoala Gimnaziala Teasc, Dolj, ROMANIA COMENIUS PROJECT ‘’Crossing bridges from past to present’’ Project meeting in Greece ROMANIAN MONASTERIES

Romania Magic Land MONASTERIES MINISTERUL EDUCAŢIEI NAȚIONALE INSPECTORATUL ŞCOLAR JUDEŢEAN DOLJ ŞCOALA GIMNAZIALĂ TEASC 13-PM-241-DJ-BG Romania Magic Land MONASTERIES Here we’ll present the unique and rich cultural heritage of Churches and Monasteries from Romania. They show such a high level of artistic maturity and craft skills: they are narrow, tall, timber constructions with characteristic elongated towers single or double-roofed and covered by shingles. The walls of the wooden churches are generally built of oak logs laid horizontally with intricate joints. Because they are an exceptional expression of the cultural heritage of this mountainous area of northern Romania eight of these churches are included in UNESCO World Heritage.

Monasteries in Oltenia MINISTERUL EDUCAŢIEI NAȚIONALE INSPECTORATUL ŞCOLAR JUDEŢEAN DOLJ ŞCOALA GIMNAZIALĂ TEASC 13-PM-241-DJ-BG Monasteries in Oltenia Oltenia is a historical and administrative region of Romania, located in the south-west of the country. On this territory inhabited before the Roman conquest, several Geto-Dacian tribes. Oltenia region has a rich history and is a major cultural and religious center, represented by numerous monasteries. It is part of the historical Wallachia / Valahia province inherited from Dacians, situated between the Danube, The Southern Carpathians and the Olt River. It is known only by the very few informed travelers, although it does represent an important piece of the Romanian history and architecture. Among Oltenia province, the Wallachian (Valahian) Princes have built stunning monasteries, most of them in the Brancoveanu architectural style (Romanian genuine style named after Constantin Brancoveanu, the Wallachian prince who ruled between 1688 and 1714).

Voroneț Monastery – Church of Saint George MINISTERUL EDUCAŢIEI NAȚIONALE INSPECTORATUL ŞCOLAR JUDEŢEAN DOLJ ŞCOALA GIMNAZIALĂ TEASC 13-PM-241-DJ-BG Voroneț Monastery – Church of Saint George

ŞCOALA GIMNAZIALĂ TEASC MINISTERUL EDUCAŢIEI NAȚIONALE INSPECTORATUL ŞCOLAR JUDEŢEAN DOLJ ŞCOALA GIMNAZIALĂ TEASC 13-PM-241-DJ-BG Stephen the Great's magnificent church from 1488 is particularly famous for the exterior painting dominated by a unique blue, known as "Voronet blue". It  was built in 3 months and 21 days and originally had a ceramic decoration on the exterior. The interior paintings dates from 1496 and 1550. It was extended in 1546 by Grigore Rosca, metropolitan of Moldavia and cousin of prince Petru Rares and then, in 1547, it was painted on the exterior walls. Its  "Last Judgment", the best one of all,  is a masterpiece of world art. That's why  Voronet Monastery is known  as  “The Sistine Chapel of the East”. The church is one of the Painted churches of Moldavia listed in UNESCO's list of World Heritage sites.

ŞCOALA GIMNAZIALĂ TEASC MINISTERUL EDUCAŢIEI NAȚIONALE INSPECTORATUL ŞCOLAR JUDEŢEAN DOLJ ŞCOALA GIMNAZIALĂ TEASC 13-PM-241-DJ-BG

ŞCOALA GIMNAZIALĂ TEASC MINISTERUL EDUCAŢIEI NAȚIONALE INSPECTORATUL ŞCOLAR JUDEŢEAN DOLJ ŞCOALA GIMNAZIALĂ TEASC 13-PM-241-DJ-BG

ŞCOALA GIMNAZIALĂ TEASC MINISTERUL EDUCAŢIEI NAȚIONALE INSPECTORATUL ŞCOLAR JUDEŢEAN DOLJ ŞCOALA GIMNAZIALĂ TEASC 13-PM-241-DJ-BG

Sucevița Monastery – Church of Resurrection MINISTERUL EDUCAŢIEI NAȚIONALE INSPECTORATUL ŞCOLAR JUDEŢEAN DOLJ ŞCOALA GIMNAZIALĂ TEASC 13-PM-241-DJ-BG Sucevița Monastery – Church of Resurrection

ŞCOALA GIMNAZIALĂ TEASC MINISTERUL EDUCAŢIEI NAȚIONALE INSPECTORATUL ŞCOLAR JUDEŢEAN DOLJ ŞCOALA GIMNAZIALĂ TEASC 13-PM-241-DJ-BG This spectacular monastery was erected between 1584-1586 by the princely family Movilă and has the biggest number of wall paintings from all painted monasteries. It was painted both inside and outside between 1596-1601 by Ioan and his brother Sofronie and it was the last monastery decorated with exterior frescoes. Sucevita Monastery also has the best preserved frescoes to this day from all painted monasteries and some attractions are “Moses' life”, depicted on the ceiling of the room of the tombs on the inside and the famous “Ladder of the Virtues” on the exterior. The museum has a rich and valuable collection of religious artifacts and icons, which includes the oldest painted icon found by now in Moldavia, dated in 1514.

ŞCOALA GIMNAZIALĂ TEASC MINISTERUL EDUCAŢIEI NAȚIONALE INSPECTORATUL ŞCOLAR JUDEŢEAN DOLJ ŞCOALA GIMNAZIALĂ TEASC 13-PM-241-DJ-BG

Putna Monastery – Church of the Assumption of the Virgin MINISTERUL EDUCAŢIEI NAȚIONALE INSPECTORATUL ŞCOLAR JUDEŢEAN DOLJ ŞCOALA GIMNAZIALĂ TEASC 13-PM-241-DJ-BG Putna Monastery – Church of the Assumption of the Virgin

ŞCOALA GIMNAZIALĂ TEASC MINISTERUL EDUCAŢIEI NAȚIONALE INSPECTORATUL ŞCOLAR JUDEŢEAN DOLJ ŞCOALA GIMNAZIALĂ TEASC 13-PM-241-DJ-BG This church was the first one built by Stephen the Great, in 1466-1469  and it was  destinated to become his burial place. Saint Stephen the Great's tomb is inside the church, under a marble sarcophagus made in his lifetime. The monastery  was robbed and burned by the cossaks in 1653 and rebuilt in 1662, but not painted at this time. The museum of the monastery includes the most valuable medieval embroidery collection in Romania. Putna Monastery is a symbol for Romanians and an important  Orthodox pilgrimage center.

ŞCOALA GIMNAZIALĂ TEASC MINISTERUL EDUCAŢIEI NAȚIONALE INSPECTORATUL ŞCOLAR JUDEŢEAN DOLJ ŞCOALA GIMNAZIALĂ TEASC 13-PM-241-DJ-BG

ŞCOALA GIMNAZIALĂ TEASC MINISTERUL EDUCAŢIEI NAȚIONALE INSPECTORATUL ŞCOLAR JUDEŢEAN DOLJ ŞCOALA GIMNAZIALĂ TEASC 13-PM-241-DJ-BG Bârsana Monastery

ŞCOALA GIMNAZIALĂ TEASC MINISTERUL EDUCAŢIEI NAȚIONALE INSPECTORATUL ŞCOLAR JUDEŢEAN DOLJ ŞCOALA GIMNAZIALĂ TEASC 13-PM-241-DJ-BG This spectacular monastery was erected between 1584-1586 by the princely family Movilă and has the biggest number of wall paintings from all painted monasteries. It was painted both inside and outside between 1596-1601 by Ioan and his brother Sofronie and it was the last monastery decorated with exterior frescoes. Sucevita Monastery also has the best preserved frescoes to this day from all painted monasteries and some attractions are “Moses' life”, depicted on the ceiling of the room of the tombs on the inside and the famous “Ladder of the Virtues” on the exterior. The museum has a rich and valuable collection of religious artifacts and icons, which includes the oldest painted icon found by now in Moldavia, dated in 1514.

ŞCOALA GIMNAZIALĂ TEASC MINISTERUL EDUCAŢIEI NAȚIONALE INSPECTORATUL ŞCOLAR JUDEŢEAN DOLJ ŞCOALA GIMNAZIALĂ TEASC 13-PM-241-DJ-BG

ŞCOALA GIMNAZIALĂ TEASC MINISTERUL EDUCAŢIEI NAȚIONALE INSPECTORATUL ŞCOLAR JUDEŢEAN DOLJ ŞCOALA GIMNAZIALĂ TEASC 13-PM-241-DJ-BG

Săpânța Peri Monastery MINISTERUL EDUCAŢIEI NAȚIONALE INSPECTORATUL ŞCOLAR JUDEŢEAN DOLJ ŞCOALA GIMNAZIALĂ TEASC 13-PM-241-DJ-BG Săpânța Peri Monastery

ŞCOALA GIMNAZIALĂ TEASC MINISTERUL EDUCAŢIEI NAȚIONALE INSPECTORATUL ŞCOLAR JUDEŢEAN DOLJ ŞCOALA GIMNAZIALĂ TEASC 13-PM-241-DJ-BG Săpânța is a commune in Maramureș County in northern Romania, 15 kilometers northwest of Sighet and just south of the Tisza River. It is composed of a single village, Săpânța. It is known for its "Merry Cemetery" and was the original home of the Spinka dynasty of Hasidic Rebbes. Very close to Sapanta village there is the Peri Monastery which has the tallest wooden church in the world, 78 meters tall. This monastery lies in a very picturesque dendrological garden, in the middle of a fairy-tale old forest. The church is placed on a stone pedestal and is built of oak in the style typical of this region. The monastery was newly erected in 2003 to replace a very old one, destroyed and plundered by the Hungarian Protestants in 1703. On top of the very tall wooden roof there is an iron cross, 7 meters tall, weighting 400 kilos.

ŞCOALA GIMNAZIALĂ TEASC MINISTERUL EDUCAŢIEI NAȚIONALE INSPECTORATUL ŞCOLAR JUDEŢEAN DOLJ ŞCOALA GIMNAZIALĂ TEASC 13-PM-241-DJ-BG Merry Cemetery

ŞCOALA GIMNAZIALĂ TEASC MINISTERUL EDUCAŢIEI NAȚIONALE INSPECTORATUL ŞCOLAR JUDEŢEAN DOLJ ŞCOALA GIMNAZIALĂ TEASC 13-PM-241-DJ-BG

Curtea de Argeș Monastery MINISTERUL EDUCAŢIEI NAȚIONALE INSPECTORATUL ŞCOLAR JUDEŢEAN DOLJ ŞCOALA GIMNAZIALĂ TEASC 13-PM-241-DJ-BG Curtea de Argeș Monastery

ŞCOALA GIMNAZIALĂ TEASC MINISTERUL EDUCAŢIEI NAȚIONALE INSPECTORATUL ŞCOLAR JUDEŢEAN DOLJ ŞCOALA GIMNAZIALĂ TEASC 13-PM-241-DJ-BG The Cathedral of Curtea de Argeș (early 16th century) is a Romanian Orthodox cathedral in Curtea de Argeș, Romania. It is located on the grounds of the Curtea de Argeș Monastery, and is dedicated to Saint Nicholas. The cathedral is faced with pale grey limestone, which was easily chiselled then hardened on exposure. The interior is of brick, plastered and decorated with frescoes. Nearby on the grounds stands a large Moorish style royal palace. The building resembles a very large and elaborate mausoleum, and was built in the Byzantine style, with Moorish arabesques. Manole legend A legend tells of Radu Negru employing a Meșterul Manole or Manoli as architect. With Manole being unable to finish the walls, the prince threatened him and his assistants with death. At last Manole suggested that they should follow the ancient custom of placing a living woman into the foundations; and that she who first appeared on the following morning should be the victim. The other masons warned their families, and Manole was forced to sacrifice his own wife. Thus the cathedral was built. When Manole and his masons told the prince that they could always build an even greater building, Radu Negru had them stranded on the roof so that they could not build something to match it. They fashioned wooden wings and tried to fly off the roof, but, one by one, they all fell to the ground. A spring of clear water, named after Manole, is said to mark the spot where he fell. This motif is widespread in South-East Europe, most notably also in Russia, like the blinding of the Masons of Saint Basil’s Cathedral by Ivan the Terrible.

ŞCOALA GIMNAZIALĂ TEASC MINISTERUL EDUCAŢIEI NAȚIONALE INSPECTORATUL ŞCOLAR JUDEŢEAN DOLJ ŞCOALA GIMNAZIALĂ TEASC 13-PM-241-DJ-BG

ŞCOALA GIMNAZIALĂ TEASC MINISTERUL EDUCAŢIEI NAȚIONALE INSPECTORATUL ŞCOLAR JUDEŢEAN DOLJ ŞCOALA GIMNAZIALĂ TEASC 13-PM-241-DJ-BG

ŞCOALA GIMNAZIALĂ TEASC MINISTERUL EDUCAŢIEI NAȚIONALE INSPECTORATUL ŞCOLAR JUDEŢEAN DOLJ ŞCOALA GIMNAZIALĂ TEASC 13-PM-241-DJ-BG

ŞCOALA GIMNAZIALĂ TEASC MINISTERUL EDUCAŢIEI NAȚIONALE INSPECTORATUL ŞCOLAR JUDEŢEAN DOLJ ŞCOALA GIMNAZIALĂ TEASC 13-PM-241-DJ-BG The Black Church

ŞCOALA GIMNAZIALĂ TEASC MINISTERUL EDUCAŢIEI NAȚIONALE INSPECTORATUL ŞCOLAR JUDEŢEAN DOLJ ŞCOALA GIMNAZIALĂ TEASC 13-PM-241-DJ-BG Biserica Neagră or Black Church is a cathedral in Brașov, a city in south-eastern Transylvania, Romania. It was built by the German community of the city and stands as the main Gothic style monument in the country, as well as being the largest and one of the most important Lutheran places of worship in the region. The originally-Roman Catholic structure was known as the Church of Saint Mary, replacing an older building used for the same purpose. Construction on it began between 1383 and 1385. The Catholic services were replaced with Lutheran ones during the Protestant Reformation, coinciding with the influence exercised by Johannes Honter. The structure was partially destroyed during a great fire set by invading Habsburg forces on the April 21, 1689 (during the Great Turkish War). Afterwards, it became known as the Black Church. A large part of the inner structure was modified during the 18th century, breaking with the original design. Following the fire of 1689, Biserica Neagră was repaired with the help of masons coming from Danzig, as local craftsmen had not mastered the craft of completing the enormous vaults; these were to be completed in Baroque style. Biserica Neagră is 89 meters in length and 38 meters wide. It measures 65 meters from the floor level to the highest point of its only bell tower. The Black Church has a six ton bell, the biggest in Romania, an impressive 4,000 pipe organ built in 1839 by Carl August Buchholz (1796–1884) which is played during weekly concerts, as well as a rich collection of Anatolian carpets donated from the 15th to 17th centuries by Transylvanian Saxon merchants, some of which are said to have been used to decorate walls as well as floors after the Reformation.

ŞCOALA GIMNAZIALĂ TEASC MINISTERUL EDUCAŢIEI NAȚIONALE INSPECTORATUL ŞCOLAR JUDEŢEAN DOLJ ŞCOALA GIMNAZIALĂ TEASC 13-PM-241-DJ-BG

ŞCOALA GIMNAZIALĂ TEASC MINISTERUL EDUCAŢIEI NAȚIONALE INSPECTORATUL ŞCOLAR JUDEŢEAN DOLJ ŞCOALA GIMNAZIALĂ TEASC 13-PM-241-DJ-BG Cozia Monastery

ŞCOALA GIMNAZIALĂ TEASC MINISTERUL EDUCAŢIEI NAȚIONALE INSPECTORATUL ŞCOLAR JUDEŢEAN DOLJ ŞCOALA GIMNAZIALĂ TEASC 13-PM-241-DJ-BG Cozia Monastery, erected close to Călimănești by Mircea the Elder in 1388 and housing his tomb, is one of the most valuable monuments of national medieval art and architecture in Romania. The name of the monastery is of Cuman origin and it means "walnut grove", from Turkic word koz, meaning walnut. The original name of the place was the Romanian equivalent, Nucetul, but already in 1387, a document of Mircea cel Bătrân uses the current name. The fortified cloister dates from the foundation (1388) and is the only in Byzantine style preserved in Romania. Two chapels are incorporated in the side toward the Olt River and their Byzantine cupolas are reflected in the water, creating one of the most iconic cultural - natural landmarks in Romania. The appearance of the church was modified under Neagoe Basarab (1517), Şerban Cantacuzino and Constantin Brâncoveanu (1707), who added a veranda, a new fountain, a chapel and a watch tower, adding to its architecture the 'brâncovenesc style'. Cozia was painted between 1390 and 1391. Some of the original frescoes (1390) are still well preserved. Cozia features a museum of exhibiting old art: old manuscripts and prints, embroideries and objects of worship.

ŞCOALA GIMNAZIALĂ TEASC MINISTERUL EDUCAŢIEI NAȚIONALE INSPECTORATUL ŞCOLAR JUDEŢEAN DOLJ ŞCOALA GIMNAZIALĂ TEASC 13-PM-241-DJ-BG

ŞCOALA GIMNAZIALĂ TEASC MINISTERUL EDUCAŢIEI NAȚIONALE INSPECTORATUL ŞCOLAR JUDEŢEAN DOLJ ŞCOALA GIMNAZIALĂ TEASC 13-PM-241-DJ-BG

ŞCOALA GIMNAZIALĂ TEASC MINISTERUL EDUCAŢIEI NAȚIONALE INSPECTORATUL ŞCOLAR JUDEŢEAN DOLJ ŞCOALA GIMNAZIALĂ TEASC 13-PM-241-DJ-BG

ŞCOALA GIMNAZIALĂ TEASC MINISTERUL EDUCAŢIEI NAȚIONALE INSPECTORATUL ŞCOLAR JUDEŢEAN DOLJ ŞCOALA GIMNAZIALĂ TEASC 13-PM-241-DJ-BG

Grand Mosque of Constanța MINISTERUL EDUCAŢIEI NAȚIONALE INSPECTORATUL ŞCOLAR JUDEŢEAN DOLJ ŞCOALA GIMNAZIALĂ TEASC 13-PM-241-DJ-BG Grand Mosque of Constanța

ŞCOALA GIMNAZIALĂ TEASC MINISTERUL EDUCAŢIEI NAȚIONALE INSPECTORATUL ŞCOLAR JUDEŢEAN DOLJ ŞCOALA GIMNAZIALĂ TEASC 13-PM-241-DJ-BG Grand Mosque of Constanța, originally known as the Carol I Mosque, is a mosque in Constanța, Romania. It is listed as an historic monument by the Romanian National Institute of Historical Monuments. The mosque is referred to by Constanța's Islamic community as the King's Mosque.

ŞCOALA GIMNAZIALĂ TEASC MINISTERUL EDUCAŢIEI NAȚIONALE INSPECTORATUL ŞCOLAR JUDEŢEAN DOLJ ŞCOALA GIMNAZIALĂ TEASC 13-PM-241-DJ-BG Densuș Church

ŞCOALA GIMNAZIALĂ TEASC MINISTERUL EDUCAŢIEI NAȚIONALE INSPECTORATUL ŞCOLAR JUDEŢEAN DOLJ ŞCOALA GIMNAZIALĂ TEASC 13-PM-241-DJ-BG The Densuș Church (also known as St Nicholas' Church) in the village of Densuș, Hunedoara County, Romania is one of the oldest Romanian churches still standing. It was built in the 7th century with additions made in the 13th century on the site of a 2nd-century Roman temple, with some materials from the Dacian Sarmizegetusa fortress. It has a stone tower above the naos. Inside the church there are 15th century mural paintings that show Jesus wearing Romanian traditional clothes. It is considered that on the setting of the present day church, there was once a Dacian temple dedicated to Zamolxis, upon which the conquering Romans built a temple dedicated to the god Mars. After the Roman administrative withdrawal, the temple became a Christian church, and sermons were held there. Its present form dates from the beginning of the 12th century. Considering its tradition, it dates from the 4th century AD, and is considered the oldest church in Romania and South East Europe, and historically its present form dates from the 12th century.

ŞCOALA GIMNAZIALĂ TEASC MINISTERUL EDUCAŢIEI NAȚIONALE INSPECTORATUL ŞCOLAR JUDEŢEAN DOLJ ŞCOALA GIMNAZIALĂ TEASC 13-PM-241-DJ-BG

ŞCOALA GIMNAZIALĂ TEASC MINISTERUL EDUCAŢIEI NAȚIONALE INSPECTORATUL ŞCOLAR JUDEŢEAN DOLJ ŞCOALA GIMNAZIALĂ TEASC 13-PM-241-DJ-BG ROMANIAN TEAM Students: Andreea Cârstea Ionela Zamfir Augustin Fița Teachers: Lucia Vasilichie Roxana Floricel