Europe, Africa, and the Americas Three Worlds Meet Europe, Africa, and the Americas

Early Native American Society - Land Bridge - Nomadic Lifestyle

Early Native American Society

Early Native American Society - Agriculture develops - Three Sister Farming - Close relationship to the land - Communal ownership

Early Native American Society - Belief in universal spirit Polytheistic - Tribal communities - Exception: Iroquois Confederation - Men v. Women Roles

The City of Cahokia, with a population of more than 30,000, was the center of a farming society that arose on the Mississippi bottomlands near present-day St. Louis in the tenth century CE. The Cahokians built dozens of vast earthen mound covering six square miles, evidence of their complex social organization. SOURCE:Painting by Michael Hampshire.Community Life at Cahokia .Cahokia Mounds State Historic Site.

European Exploration The Portuguese were the leaders during the Age of Exploration Better ships and advanced navigation In search of a sea route to Asia Access to trade = silk, gems, gold, spices, slaves

Explorers to the New World -Renaissance Influence -Exploration Begins Portugal Has Success Vasco Da Gama

Explorers to the New World Columbus (Italian Explorer) in 1492 -Ferdinand and Isabella - Destination: Indies - Result: San Salvador

Columbus 1492: Spain supports Columbus’ voyage across the Atlantic Explored several Caribbean Islands and called the native people Indians Attempted to convert the Indians to Christianity and also enslaved them

Explorers to the New World Amerigo Vespucci Vasco Balboa Ferdinand Magellan Conquistadors - Spanish Explorers - God, Gold, Glory - Francisco Coronado - Hernando de Soto - Hernan Cortes

Impact of Contact -Columbus’ impression -Colonization by force -Effects of disease -Importation of Africans -Treaty of Tordesillas Divided all “heathen” lands between Spain and Portugal

This woodcut, illustrating a 1505 German edition of Amerigo Vespucci's account of his voyage to the New World in 1501-02, is the first image of American Indians published in Europe. As arriving European vessels appear on the horizon, a group of befeathered Indians engage in a cannibal feast. Three warriors with bows stand on the right, while under the bower a couple kisses as they share the severed human limbs. In the center a mother nurses a baby and tends children. The tender details underscore the horror of the scene. Bayerisches Staatsbibliothek,Munich

Colombian Exchange - Transfer of goods between societies - Americas sent corn, potatoes, squash, tomatoes, peanuts, tobacco - Europe sent horses, cows, pigs, and technology

First European Settlements -Spanish-- St. Augustine, Florida 1565 (SW, Florida, Texas) -French– Canada, Mississippi River -Dutch—New York -English—East Coast

Spanish Settlements Most Famous Settlements: Common Characteristics: New Mexico and Florida Common Characteristics: Convert Natives to Catholicism Racially and Ethnically Diverse Black Legend: Idea that the Conquistadors only hurt Native Americans

Cruelties Used by the Spaniards on the Indians The Cruelties Used by the Spaniards on the Indians, from a 1599 English edition of The Destruction of the Indies by Bartolomé de las Casas. These scenes were copied from a series of engravings produced by Theodore de Bry that accompanied an earlier edition.

First English Attempt at Colonization Roanoke, NC (1585) Sir Walter Raleigh Lost Colony John White Virginia Dare

First English Attempt at Colonization