How does a cell do its job? Cell Organelles How does a cell do its job?

Some examples: What jobs do cells do? Making proteins, like keratin (hair follicles) Sending signals (nerve cells) Turning sunlight into glucose (leaf cells) Contracting for movement (muscle cells)

Organelles work together to allow the cell to accomplish its job. Organelles Cooperate Organelles work together to allow the cell to accomplish its job.

Chloroplasts Capture the sun’s energy to make glucose in plants and algae. The energy is stored in chemical bonds.

Vacuoles Vacuoles are sacs that store water and other materials (wastes). Las vacuolas son sacos que almacenan agua y otros materiales (desechos).

Cell wall The cell wall provides support to plant cells and bacteria. La pared celular proporciona apoyo a las células de las plantas y bacterias.

The Nucleus Controls the cell by giving directions to make proteins, especially enzymes. It also contains DNA and copies its genetic material so that when the cell divides, the new cell is exactly the same as the original. Controla la célula, dando instrucciones para hacer proteínas.

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) A system of folded membranes that transport proteins within the cell Un sistema de membranas plegadas que las proteínas de transporte dentro de la célula

Ribosomes Ribosomes are the site of protein production. Located on the endoplasmic reticulum El sitio de producción de proteínas.

Cell Membrane Regulates what enters and leaves the cell. Regula lo que entra y sale de la célula.

Mitochondria Bonds are broken in molecules of glucose to release energy which is stored or used as ATP. Enlaces se rompen en moléculas de glucosa para obtener energía que se almacena o se utiliza en forma de ATP.

Lysosomes Membranous sac filled with enzymes (certain type of protein) that break down used organelles and large molecules Saco lleno de enzimas (cierto tipo de proteína) que descomponen los orgánulos utilizados y grandes moléculas

Cytoplasm Jelly-like substance Holds organelles in place

Golgi Apparatus G.A. tags proteins and exports them outside the cell in membrane bubbles called vesicles.