Kingdom Plantae…aka Plants!

Plants: many shapes, sizes, & internal structures 2 phyla for plants: tracheophytes = vascular tissue ( true roots, leaves and stems) Seedless Seeded bryophytes = nonvascular plants ( no true roots, stems, leaves) Provide most living things with food & O2 Are Autotrophs Are Eukaryotes

Non Vascular Plants A.k.a- Bryophytes Low growing plants Lack vacular tissue Xylem- tubes transport water Phloem – tubes transport food…GLUCOSE!

Characteristics: Autotrophs Multi-cellular Asexual reproduction spores Sexual reproduction Sperm and egg cells Require water to reproduce Eukaryotic

Examples Include: Mosses Liverworts Hornworts

Vascular Plants A.k.a…Tracheopytes Contain true roots, leaves and stems Have vascular bundles Can be seedless Can be seeded

Non seeded vascular plants Have vascular tissue Do not use seeds to reproduce Ex. Horsetails, & Ferns

Seeded Plants: 2. Angiosperms: Cone bearing plants Have vascular tissue Produce seeds (to reproduce) 1. Gymnosperms: Cone bearing plants 2. Angiosperms: Flower bearing plants

Characteristics of Seeded Plants: Seeds made up of: Embryo – fertilized seed: develop into the young plants Stored food Seed coat

Gymnosperms: Produce “naked seeds” No fruit covering Needlelike/scale-like leaves Cones are reproductive structures Male and female cones Include cycads, ginkos, gnetophytes and conifers

Cycad

Ginko biloba

Plants which produced seeds which are protected by fruit 2 categories: Angiosperms Flowering plants Plants which produced seeds which are protected by fruit 2 categories: Monocots Dicots

Monocots: Having only one seed leaf or cotyledon Leaves have parallel veination Flower petals in 3’s or multiple of 3’s Scattered Vascular bundles within the stem ( cross section)

Dicot: Having 2 seed leaves or cotlyledons Netted veinetion Flowers in 4/5’s or multiples of 4/5’s Vascular bundles are arranged wihtin the stem (cross section)

Monocot vs. Dicot Venation: Parallel venation Net venation

Monocot vs Dicot Flowers 3’s or multiple of 3’s 4/5’s or multiple of 4/5’s

Monocot vs. Dicot 1 cotyledon 2 cotyledon

REMEMBER!!! plants have cell wall and animal cells do not Cells are different from animal cells: plants have cell wall and animal cells do not b. vacuole large in plants, small in animal cells c. plants have chloroplasts, animal cells do not