X PS Internal Dump Core Review François-Xavier Nuiry Giulia Romagnoli Tobias Polzin Edouard Grenier Boley EN-STI-TCD 12/10/2016

PS Internal Dumps Review Objectives and Organisation  Giving the status of the PS Internal dump core design; Describing the Dump core design strategy; Getting feedback on the work done so far, especially on: - The thermo-mechanical simulations; - The dump core material selection; - The technologies proposed. General presentation of the PS internal dump project Thermo-mechanical simulations applied to the dump core Presentation of three different designs Ongoing thermal simulations 12/10/2016 PS Internal Dump Core Review

PS Internal Dumps – Project Objectives  2 new PS dumps for run3 beams and compatible with PS operation modes WHY changing? Old dump not adapted to run3 beams Very old equipment Complex repair if needed Not anymore suitable in case of failure of cooling system Shielding handling improvements PS DUMP PS equipment used to dilute the beam for safety or operation reasons Design Prototyping & follow up Installation Commissioning (removal of old dumps) Maintenance Maximum peak energy in the dump core with run3 beam parameters of 1.3 kJ/cm3/pulse  Temperature increase in copper of 395 K/pulse [1] Maximum service temperature copper ~ 300°C Maximum peak energy in the dump core with present beam parameters of 255 J/cm3/pulse  Temperature increase in copper of 79 K/pulse [1] W. Kozlowska, M. Brugger, PS Internal Dump in the Fluka Monte Carlo simulations, Reference, EDMS 1403161 V.1 12/10/2016 PS Internal Dump Core Review

PS Internal Dump Core Review Current PS Dump Layout Dump core: copper block 6kg Metallic hollow arm Vacuum tightness with bellows Mechanism 140 mm 130 mm 40 mm Bellows for vacuum tightness Mechanism Dump core Dumping movement Vacuum chamber Beam direction 12/10/2016 PS Internal Dump Core Review

Current PS Dump Integration and Shielding Dumps shielding 400mm thick Painted Vaurion stone / concrete / marble blocks SS48 Dump Shielding SS47 Dump installation with trolley system, rotating table and crane Dump mechanism Vacuum chamber Shielding 12/10/2016 PS Internal Dump Core Review

Current Dump Working Principle Dump movement done by springs Electro-magnet to hold back the dump Backup motor in case of magnet failure Power supply SPRING MOTOR MAGNET OUT Move Return ARM IN ARM OUT Vacuum Chamber IN Power supply SPRING MOTOR MAGNET OUT Move Return ARM IN ARM OUT Vacuum Chamber IN 12/10/2016 PS Internal Dump Core Review

Current PS Internal Dump Cycle 1. Vacuum chamber 2. Dump entering the beam area 3. Dump fully in the beam area 4. Dump in top position 5. Dump exiting the chamber 6. End of the cycle 12/10/2016 PS Internal Dump Core Review

Project Main Requirements Stroke and speed: about 80 mm in < 0.25 sec 300 000 cycles / year Beam impact every 1.2s for several minutes Limited proton leakage (~same as today) High vacuum (10-9 mbar) Geometrical constraints (max 955mm space in Z) Lifetime until 2035 Short and punctual maintenance (1 per year) Reference: PS Ring Internal Dump Functional Specifications, EDMS 1582110. Engineering challenges Minimized dump core mass, considering also proton leakage Thermal management Stress evaluation Cooling system inside the vacuum chamber Reliable mechanism Fatigue (mechanism, bellow…) Highly radioactive environment Precise mechanical dimensioning Efficient modular shielding Material ageing (Gas production and DPA) 12/10/2016 PS Internal Dump Core Review

New Dumps: Operation Modes 1/2 Beam Study Mode - Commissioning of new beams - Helping debugging issues Machine Development Mode Cycle in the supercycle not requested for extraction Machine Protection Mode Safety mode to protect the machine - LHC beams dumped at any time - n_TOF beams to East Area - n_TOF beams in series in the machine Problem / DUMP Reference: PS Ring Internal Dump Functional Specifications, EDMS 1582110. Magnetic field Time Injection Extraction 26GeV DUMP Magnetic field Time n_TOF Beam (~4 1012 - 20 GeV) X East Area Beam (4 1011 - 24 GeV) Sensor DUMP Magnetic field Magnetic field n_TOF Beam (4 1012 - 20 GeV) Time Time 12/10/2016 PS Internal Dump Core Review

New Dumps: Operation Modes 2/2 42 SEM Grids Positions 48 52 Beam PSB SS12 “Ralentisseur” 54 “Ralentisseur” Mode Protect the 3 SEM grids detectors after one beam turn Ralentisseur (now in SS12) 20 mm thick tungsten plate Secondary Emission Monitor Grids (SEM-Grids) Ceramic frame with several wires to measure the beam density profile 12/10/2016 PS Internal Dump Core Review

PS Dumps Possible Future Locations 42 (SEM-grid) SS48 (SEM-grid) 52 (SEM-grid) BEAM from PSB SS12 (Ralentisseur) 71 (kicker) SS75 SS31 SS47 65 15 High radiation zone 54 (SEM-grid) SS47 Current dump position SS75 Free space See Space reservation Request EDMS 1585135 v.1.0 12/10/2016 PS Internal Dump Core Review

PS Internal Dump Core Review PS Internal dump project can be divided in 4 main sub-parts: Dump CORE Review on different designs Vacuum flange and vacuum vessel First design based on old dump Mechanism Analytical calculations started – design started based on old dump mechanism Shielding Preliminary design validated by RP 12/10/2016 PS Internal Dump Core Review

Dump Core - Beam Parameters [run 3] ACCIDENTAL SCENARIO Protons 26 GeV 5×1013 σ = 1.8 mm x 4.7 mm Pulse time 2.1 µs Pulse period 2.4 s 3 consecutive pulses SFTPRO BEAM Protons 14 GeV 2×1013 σ = 2 mm x 3.7 mm Pulse time 2.1 µs Pulse period 1.2 s 2 consecutive pulses then cooldown time of 15 s LHC 25ns BEAM Protons 26 GeV 2.3×1013 σ = 1 mm x 4.7 mm Pulse time 2.1 µs Pulse period 3.6 s 5 consecutive pulses then cooling down time of 20 s The occurrence of these beam parameters is still under discussion and study. In order to move on in the project, it is studied after how many times the LHC 25 ns beam parameters can be repeated with a given dump design. A requirement (occurrence) would be helpful. PROTON LEAKAGE Present Dump New Dump 1.1013 @ 26GeV (Present maximum) 0.4×1013 0.1×1013 5.1013 @ 26 GeV (LIU max) 2.0×1013 0.55×1013 Design shown on the next slide 12/10/2016 PS Internal Dump Core Review

Dump Core Ongoing Thermo-Mechanical Simulations Use of FEM simulations to find materials: (See presentation about Thermo-mechanical simulations) Present core “sandwich” studied: 14 Ti (Ti6Al4V) blocks total length: 350 mm 6 Rene41 (NiCr) blocks total length: 114 mm Ti housing Ti flange 20 mm thick to cover big beam areas Ti6Al4V housing 14 Ti6Al4V blocks 6 NiCr blocks Ti housing 14 Ti6Al4V blocks 6 NiCr blocks BEAM 500 mm 70 mm Ti6Al4V flange to cover the bigger beam area at injection 80 mm Total weight: ~10 kg 12/10/2016 PS Internal Dump Core Review

Dump Core Design – Thermal Management Based on the current sandwich study, three core designs are studied in order to extract the power deposited by the beam (~2500W for LHC 25 ns): Soldered tube solution Deep hole drilling solution Additive manufacturing 12/10/2016 PS Internal Dump Core Review

PS Internal Dump Core Review Shielding Studies Based on [1], a first shielding design has been proposed to RP to check the feasibility Shielding: Iron box Tungsten for downstream protection Concrete Marble box Marble Concrete W Fe Driving criteria: Radiation protection Protection of downstream equipment Plug and place system for maintenance [1] W. Kozlowska, M. Brugger, PS Internal Dump in the Fluka Monte Carlo simulations, Reference, EDMS 1403161 V.1 Metallic frame for dump and mechanism: possible to be replaced in 2 steps 12/10/2016 PS Internal Dump Core Review

PS Internal Dump Core Review RP Aspects To calculate the residual dose rate, the following beam distribution (CONSERVATIVE APPROACH) was taken into account, in agreement with BE-OP: 1.25×1018 protons over 9 months of regular operation Dose Rate assessed along SS75 at ~90 cm distance from the beam line, at the beam level, i.e. along the red arrow indicated in the left figure Present dump RP survey: 14/09/2016, at 40cm of the beam line inside the ring: SS47 Upstream: 47 µSv/h Downstream: 48 µSv/h. SS48: Upstream: 33 µSv/h Downstream: 72 µSv/h. 12/10/2016 PS Internal Dump Core Review

Mechanism - Preliminary Design Different solutions have been considered for the mechanism: Linear actuators Brushless motors Current mechanism with spring and magnet Several constraints are influencing the design choice: See slide 8. Ongoing study: Upsizing of the present mechanism concept to adapt to the new dump mass. Motivations: Good level of reliability over 40 years of service; Radiation hard design; No maintenance; Required speed should be achievable. Particular attention to bellows is foreseen. 12/10/2016 PS Internal Dump Core Review

Detailed Design with MME on going… 12/10/2016 PS Internal Dump Core Review

Project Provisional Planning 2016 2017 2018 2019 Feb Mar Apr Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan May Jun Jul Power deposition studies Material selection for the dump core Control Systems Definition Dump Design Definition EN-MME 3D Detailed Design Prototype and tests Design review PRODUCTION (Procurement and manufacturing, Quality checking, Assembly and tests) Current DUMP Removal INSTALLATION Transport, Alignment and Commissioning 12/10/2016 PS Internal Dump Core Review

PS Internal Dump Core Review X X Thank you! 12/10/2016 PS Internal Dump Core Review