War breaks out again between the United States and Britain in 1812. The War of 1812 2nd War of Independence Mr. Madison’s War War breaks out again between the United States and Britain in 1812. NEXT

Both sides were impressing US ships. IMPRESSMENT impressment France and Great Britain are at war Both sides were impressing US ships. An act of kidnapping a ship, its contents, men and forcing them into your navy England closed ports under French control to foreign shipping (incl. US), seized US ships & impressed Americans. Napoleon ordered seizure of all merchant ships that entered British ports.

John C. Calhoun South Carolina MR. MADISON'S WAR madwar War of 1812 War Hawks New members of Congress, John C. Calhoun and Henry Clay want war why Great Britain….Why? U.S. must defend its neutrality Stop impressment British forts Tecumseh Desire for Canada and Florida Called 2nd War of Independence John C. Calhoun South Carolina Henry Clay Kentucky

“Mr. Madison’s War” June, 1812: War Hawks engineer declaration of war with England. Unfortunately, Congress was not aware that London repealed impressment policy 2 days prior to war New England opposed to war but Southern/western states supported the war US at war vs. most powerful nation, but US divided Poorly equipped US army initiated military action in 1812 by launching a 3-part invasion of Canada The British easily repulsed the Americans

HIGHLIGHTS OF THE WAR OF 1812 Dolly Madison escaped from White House and took many pieces of art, furniture from the White House before the British destroyed it. Washington, D.C. burned by British, 25th of August 1814

HIGHLIGHTS OF THE WAR OF 1812 U.S. Flag which flew over Fort McHenry to inspire Francis Scott Key to write the Star Spangled Banner. September 13th, 1814

BATTLE OF NEW ORLEANS New orleans 10,000 British troops reached the mouth of the Mississippi River and were threatening the Louisiana Purchase. 4,500 U.S. troops led by Andrew Jackson, the British were defeated on January 8, 1815, 2 weeks after the Treaty of Ghent was negotiated to end the war.

Considered greatest U.S. victory to that time BATTLE OF NEW ORLEANS New orleans Considered greatest U.S. victory to that time Defeated British’s best without help from any country Countries gained respect for the U.S. after this battle. Kept Louisiana Purchase under the control of the U.S.

The Treaty of Ghent War of 1812 is considered a “stalemate”…Dec. 1814 Peace commissioners in Ghent devised the following terms of peace A halt to the fighting The return of all conquered territory to the prewar borders Recognition of the prewar boundary between Canada and the United States Treaty was ratified by the Senate

H A R T F O R D C O N V E N T I O N Radical NE Federalists met to discuss their grievances & find solutions to their problems: U.S. Govt. fighting an unnecessary war against the wrong enemy Sought financial assistance from Washington since their trade was at a standstill because British had placed a blockade around the Atlantic coastline of US New Englanders continued to trade with the British during the war Talked of secession or a separate peace proposal with England

The War’s Legacy U.S. gained the respect of other nations U.S. came to accept Canada as a neighbor and a part of the British Empire The Federalist party came to an end as a national force Talk of nullification and secession in New England set a precedent that would later be used by the South Gained our neutrality and became isolated from Europe

The War’s Legacy Native Americans in the West were forced to surrender large areas of land and move west. More U.S. factories were built War heroes such as Andrew Jackson and William Henry Harrison would eventually become Presidents. Growth of American nationalism Enter a time period in our history called the “Era of Good Feelings”