What does it mean to be Intelligent? Intelligence What does it mean to be Intelligent?

What is Intelligence Myers says, “ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and use knowledge to adapt to new situations.” Differs from culture to culture Is it measurable?

General Ability vs. Multiple Intelligences General Intelligence (g-factor) Charles Spearman People who score high on one intelligence type often score high on other intelligences May have exceptional talents but overall (g) intelligence seems to play a role in all Satoshi Kanazawa (2004) Solving novel problems in academic settings Multiple Intelligences LL Thurstone Primary mental abilities Word fluency, verbal comprehension, spatial ability, perceptual speed, numerical ability, inductive reasoning, & memory Similar to athletic ability

Contemporary Intelligence Theories Multiple Intelligences Howard Gardner (1983, 1999) Eight intelligences: Linguistic, logic-math, musical, spatial, bodily-kinesthetic, intrapersonal, interpersonal, naturalist Uses savant syndrome as evidence of “aspect” intelligences Are they intelligences or talents? Sternberg (1985, 1999, 2003) Triarchic theory: Analytic (logic/academic), creative (adaptive), & practical (mult. soln. probs.)

Emotional Intelligence Seymour Epstein & Petra Meier (1989) Social intelligence: being successful in social settings Peter Salovery & John Mayer Emotional intelligence: recognize, comprehend, manage, & use emotions Often successful in career, marriage, & parenting situations Does this stretch “intelligence” too far?

Intelligence & Creativity 5 components of Creativity: Expertise: working knowledge base Imaginative thinking: see things in creative ways Venturesome personality: persistence despite failure Intrinsic motivation: a PERSONAL desire to be successful Creative Environment: need to work with others and bounce ideas off them, free of evaluation