The Dilemma of the Entrepreneurial and Innovative University John N. Hawkins, Ka Ho Mok CCU Leadership Institute 2017

Introduction Dominant paradigm: Context: (a new language) Research dominates HE Entrepreneurship Innovation Mission: rise in rankings Context: (a new language) Globalization; commodification; decentralization, privatization, marketiztion, branding, and now re-nationalization etc. CCU Leadership Institute 2017

Essentials of An E&I University High quality faculty High quality students Supportive intellectual climate High quality facilities Sufficient funding to remain competitive Research infrastructure Supportive academic leadership CCU Leadership Institute 2017

Dominant Features of Entrepreneurial HE Understanding “Entrepreneurial University” (EU) epitomized by innovation throughout university’s research, knowledge exchange, teaching and learning, governance and external relations. the common understanding of an EU rests with its culture and spirit, i.e. a strong culture of risk taking with a proactive approach in exploring new opportunities for development and enhancement. CCU Leadership Institute 2017

Dominant Features of Entrepreneurial HE Six key elements of an EU (By Professor Deresh Ramjugernath, Pro Vice-Chancellor of the University of KwaZulu-Natal in South Africa): Good leadership and governance; Capacity incentives; Entrepreneurship in research, teaching and learning; A culture of entrepreneurship; Stakeholder partnerships, and Internationalization. CCU Leadership Institute 2017

Dominant Features of Entrepreneurial HE A Guiding Framework for Entrepreneurial Universities (OECD 2012), aiming at offering advice, ideas and inspiration for the effective management of institutional and cultural change. CCU Leadership Institute 2017 Source: OECD, 2012

Commercialization a Key Feature Nurturing start-ups Commercializing university research Forming technology development groups Developing ranking systems for commercialization Example: UCLA now ranked no. 1 in US for commercialization of campus research (e.g. miniaturized microscopes; nicotine patch; water filtration, desalinization membranes nanoparticles) CCU Leadership Institute 2017

Dominant Features of Innovative HE Ranking usually defined in terms of STEM fields—US dominates Or, whole university as unit of analysis (ala Burton Clark)— ”key factors of innovation include teaching, financial structure, governance (the steering core), collegiality, autonomy, academic achievement” CCU Leadership Institute 2017

Emerging Features in US & Asia Innovative use of regional and international research networks for joint research Value of IDPs in research and teaching curriculum Aligning research with world of work Increasing student involvement in R&D New reward structures for faculty and students Diversity of tenure paths and knowledge production Role of consulting CCU Leadership Institute 2017

Merger of E&I in Context of Rankings E&I are not isolated features. Taken together they contribute to and enhance each other Succeeding in both is often discussed in terms of international competition and rising in the various ranking regimes. An ultimate goal may be to achieve WCU status even though this is a vague status—Reference to Flagship Model discussed last year CCU Leadership Institute 2017

Three Sets of Discourse Importance of knowledge exchange and commercial values of research outputs measured by income generation, patents, number of start-ups, etc. Emphasis on achieving world class blue sky research outputs measured by awards such as Nobel prizes etc. Using the terms E&I in a broader institutional manner, not just research CCU Leadership Institute 2017

Dilemma of “One Size Fits All” Massification and diversification pose mission differentiation Standardization risk Imbalance between STEM and liberal arts, humanities, social sciences (Japan case) Emergent models of hybridity and integration (the Asian university?) Finally, the need for constant adjustment through strategic planning THANK YOU! CCU Leadership Institute 2017