SPI 0807.9.1 Atomic Structure

TCAP COACH (Reword and Answer) p.80 1. What is an atom? 2. How many elements have been discovered? 3. How many of these elements are found in nature? 4. What are synthetic elements? 5. What makes up the nucleus of an atom? 6. Where are the electrons found that are involved in chemical reactions? 7. What makes up the atomic number of an atom? 8. What makes up the atomic mass of an atom? 9. Draw the atomic structure of an atom. Label the particles and their charges.

What do all of the things in this picture have in common? What are they all made out of? Atoms

Objective: Recognize that all matter consists of atoms. I can identify atoms as the fundamental particles that make-up matter (matter, atoms, and particles)

Getting the Idea: All of the objects around you have mass and take up space. All objects are made of matter. Even living things are made up of matter. BUT WHAT MAKES UP MATTER?

Atoms & Elements Atoms are the basic building blocks of most of the matter around you. There are different kinds of atoms. Each kind of atom is an element. An element is a pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by ordinary chemical means. An atom is the smallest particle of an element that has all the properties of that element.

What is not made of atoms? Sound, energy, and light

Atomic Structure The atoms of every element are different. To understand how the atoms of each element differ, we need to look at the particles that make up an atom.

Atomic Structure Most of the atoms mass is in the nucleus Nucleus contains protons and neutrons Electrons are outside the nucleus Protons are + Electrons are – Neutrons are neutral

Parts of an Atom The parts of an atom: nucleus – in center/hold protons and neutrons protons have a positive charge (+) neutrons have no charge (0) electrons circle the nucleus and have a negative charge (-)

Atomic Structure

Atomic Information 1) Atomic number (#) = proton number = electron number 2) The atomic number tells me which atom it is by looking on the periodic table. 3) If I know the atomic number then I will also know the number of protons and electrons an atom has. 4) If I know the number of protons, then I will also know the number of electrons and the atomic number.

How do we know how many p+, e-, and neutrons are in an atom? atomic number = protons = electrons atomic mass = protons + neutrons neutrons = Atomic mass - atomic #

Atomic Structure How many p+ on chlorine? Electrons? Neutrons?

Atoms that are NOT neutral Ion- an atom that has a charge. (# of protons DO NOT equal # of electrons) Ex. An ion has 8 electrons(-) and 14 protons(+). What is its respective charge? Answer: 6+

Review Protons? Electrons? Neutrons? Atomic Number? Atomic Mass?

Review Protons? Electrons? Neutrons? Atomic Number? Atomic Mass?

Energy Levels Valence electrons are found in outermost energy level and are involved in chemical reactions. This determines an atoms ability to react with other atoms.. E1- 2 electrons E2- 8 electrons E3- 18 electrons

Electron Configuration

You try. P Phosphorous Atomic Number = 15 Atomic mass = 31 Protons = Neutrons = Electrons = P

Review Protons? Electrons? Neutrons? Atomic Number? Atomic Mass?

Exit-Slip 1. Which statement best describes what the planet Saturn, a lizard, and a steaming kettle have in common? A. All produce their own energy. B. All are same internal temperature. C. All are multicellular organisms. D. All are made of atoms.

Exit-slip 2. Sodium is an element found in table salt. It contains 11 protons and 12 neutrons. How many electrons are found in a neutral atom of sodium? A. 23 B. 12 C. 11 D. 1

Exit-slip 3. Which atomic particle(s) is/are positively charged? A. electron B. proton C. neutron D. proton and neutron

Exit-slip 4. Where are the electrons involved in chemical reactions found? A. in the nucleus B. outside the atom C. in the innermost energy level D. in the outermost energy level

Exit-slip 5. What is the atomic number of an atom that contains 26 protons, 29 neutrons, and 26 electrons? A. 29 B.26 C. 52 D. 81

Exit-Slip 6. Which of these is made of atoms? A. sunlight B. a radio wave C. helium gas D. an X-ray

If any of you have the google classroom assignment printout please turn it in to me as you leave.