The potential and limitations of utilising head impact injury models to assess the likelihood of significant head injury in infants after a fall  C.Z Cory, M.D Jones, D.S James, S Leadbeatter, L.D.M Nokes  Forensic Science International  Volume 123, Issue 2, Pages 89-106 (December 2001) DOI: 10.1016/S0379-0738(01)00523-0

Fig. 1 Linear acceleration. Forensic Science International 2001 123, 89-106DOI: (10.1016/S0379-0738(01)00523-0)

Fig. 2 A fall involving linear acceleration. Forensic Science International 2001 123, 89-106DOI: (10.1016/S0379-0738(01)00523-0)

Fig. 3 A fall involving an initial jump or throw. Forensic Science International 2001 123, 89-106DOI: (10.1016/S0379-0738(01)00523-0)

Fig. 4 A fall involving a previous forward (horizontal) motion. Forensic Science International 2001 123, 89-106DOI: (10.1016/S0379-0738(01)00523-0)

Fig. 5 The relationship between kinetic energy, velocity, force and mass of an impacting body and the stopping, or deformation distance (s). Forensic Science International 2001 123, 89-106DOI: (10.1016/S0379-0738(01)00523-0)

Fig. 6 Impact of the skull onto deformable (soft) and rigid (hard) surfaces. Forensic Science International 2001 123, 89-106DOI: (10.1016/S0379-0738(01)00523-0)

Fig. 7 Angular acceleration of the head due to whiplash. Forensic Science International 2001 123, 89-106DOI: (10.1016/S0379-0738(01)00523-0)

Fig. 8 Axial rotational acceleration of the head. Forensic Science International 2001 123, 89-106DOI: (10.1016/S0379-0738(01)00523-0)

Fig. 9 The deceleration lag of the brain after the skull impacts a surface. Forensic Science International 2001 123, 89-106DOI: (10.1016/S0379-0738(01)00523-0)

Fig. 10 A typical g/time trace of an impact. Forensic Science International 2001 123, 89-106DOI: (10.1016/S0379-0738(01)00523-0)

Fig. 11 Maximum acceleration on a g/time trace. Forensic Science International 2001 123, 89-106DOI: (10.1016/S0379-0738(01)00523-0)

Fig. 12 Examples of acceleration time profiles from two different impact simulations. Forensic Science International 2001 123, 89-106DOI: (10.1016/S0379-0738(01)00523-0)

Fig. 13 The WSTC [31]. Forensic Science International 2001 123, 89-106DOI: (10.1016/S0379-0738(01)00523-0)

Fig. 14 Using The Wayne State University tolerance curve. Forensic Science International 2001 123, 89-106DOI: (10.1016/S0379-0738(01)00523-0)

Fig. 15 Typical g/time trace of a human head during impact. Forensic Science International 2001 123, 89-106DOI: (10.1016/S0379-0738(01)00523-0)

Fig. 16 Two different waveforms with similar GSI values Forensic Science International 2001 123, 89-106DOI: (10.1016/S0379-0738(01)00523-0)

Fig. 17 Head-steering wheel hub contact in medium-hard contact impact [45]. Forensic Science International 2001 123, 89-106DOI: (10.1016/S0379-0738(01)00523-0)

Fig. 18 Area of waveform utilised for calculating HIC [9]. Forensic Science International 2001 123, 89-106DOI: (10.1016/S0379-0738(01)00523-0)

Fig. 19 Injury risk curve for HIC [52]. Forensic Science International 2001 123, 89-106DOI: (10.1016/S0379-0738(01)00523-0)

Fig. 20 Percentage of animals experiencing a significant head injury as a function of HIC experienced by a 3-year-old child dummy [54]. Forensic Science International 2001 123, 89-106DOI: (10.1016/S0379-0738(01)00523-0)