Cell Energy

Law Conservation of Energy Antoine Lavoisier, 1778, Father of Modern Chemistry Law Conservation of Energy

It is transferred by ATP: Adenosine tri-phosphate Law of Conservation: The amount of energy always the same. It is neither used up or made. It is never created or destroyed. What is Energy? The ability to do work It is transferred by ATP: Adenosine tri-phosphate

YOYO (Your on your own) Draw a picture of Anabolism Catabolism SB: (shoulder buddies) Compare and correct each others drawings

Catabolic Reactions Anabolic Reactions SB: Give 2 examples of catabolism & 2 examples of anabolism.

ATP goes through a cycle when carrying ENERGY 3 Phosphate groups to 2 Phosphate groups Adenosine TRIphosphate turns into Adenosine DIphosphate ATP ADP Energy Out Energy In

ENERGY IS STORED ON THE BONDS BETWEEN THE PHOSPHATES

Oxygen is required for ATP to work. HOW?? Hydrolysis Energy Released Energy Stored TB:(triangle buddies) Describe how energy is released and stored in the cell. Oxygen is required for ATP to work.

Energy Connections Plankton, Algae Sunlight has energy. Plants take in the energy Autotrophs – Make their own food Called Producers Make food through Photosynthesis: Plankton, Algae Corn, Fruit Trees SB: Why are plankton and Algae in bold?

Chloroplast collect the sun’s energy through photosynthesis Chloroplast collect the sun’s energy through photosynthesis. The mitochondria use it in cellular respiration.

Heterotrophs are consumers. Sun light energy is transformed Into chemical energy in plants. We get the sun’s energy by eating plants and animals that eat plants.

There is a 10% loss of original energy as it climbs higher in the energy pyramid

TB: Explain to 2 others: How much energy is passed on in the energy pyramid

Anaerobic Reactions Do not use Oxygen Creates a little of energy Aerobic Reactions Require Oxygen Creates LOTS of energy 32 ATP is made from 1 glucose 32 ATP Anaerobic Reactions Do not use Oxygen Creates a little of energy 2 ATP is made from 1 glucose 2 ATP

The powerhouse of the cell Cellular Respiration takes place in all cells in the Mighty Mighty Mitochondria The powerhouse of the cell

Where in the cell does ATP become ADP?

SB: Review QUESTIONS: How is ATP formed? Where is the energy stored in an ATP molecule How does ATP give energy to the cell? What is left after an ATP molecules loses a phosphate group? 5. What part of the cell processes enegry?

Enzymes, made of protein break down carbohydrates. Lactase breaks down Lactose Maltase breaks down Maltose Sucrase breaks down Sucrose Enzymes, made of protein break down carbohydrates.

Cellular Respiration Is the process that releases energy by breaking down food molecules in the presence of oxygen. Occurs in the mitochondria of the cell.

Hypoglycemia: There’s not enough ingredients for cellular respiration: H, C, O  H2O, CO2, C6H12O6 (glucose) Mitochondria can’t make ATP (energy) Hypoglycemia causes Dizziness Weakness Nausea Trembling polysaccharide Confusion May seem ‘drunk’

PLEASE return to the Biology FOLDER 5/19/2018 Hyperglycemia Too much sugar: ATP energy in blood Diabetes Hyperactive kids on sugar Chemistry of Cells - Biology

How is photosynthesis similar and different from cellular respiration? Where is Anabolism and Catabolism? How do fossils fit in? What is the path of solar energy? Is the energy used up?

How is cellular respiration by plants similar to the burning of fossil fuels?

A. Both release CO2 compounds. (containing carbon) How is cellular respiration by plants similar to the burning of fossil fuels? A. Both release CO2 Global Warming increases Animals breath out CO2 B. Break down organic compounds. (containing carbon)

C. Both produce ATP. (energy in the mitochondria) D. Both absorb light.

Are fossil fuels produced by photosynthesis?

How are fossil fuels produced by photosynthesis? Plankton capture CO2. Plankton use photosynthesis to break the chemical bonds between Carbon//Oxygen. Energy is released & used by plankton to move, reproduce, move towards light . . . They die and sink to the ocean bottom. They are ‘cooked’ by the heat/pressure of the earth. (The core of the earth is molten lava!) They make coal, shale, oil or natural gas, depending on the depth at which they sink.

Cellular Respiration