Bell Work: 9/17/12 How would you design an experiment to determine if it was the fertilizer that helped the plant grow faster? List three control factors, one independent variable, and one dependent variable for this experiment. How would you treat the control group differently than the experimental groups? READ THE ARTICLE ON TOP OF THE FOLDER AT YOUR GROUP!

Objectives SPI 0707.T/E.4 Differentiate between adaptive and assistive bioengineered products. SPI0707.T/E.3 Distinguish between the intended benefits and unintended consequences of a new technology.

The need to know: Bioengineering involves the use of technology to alter or improve living things. Bioengineered technologies can be classified as either assistive or adaptive. Assistive technologies are developed to help organisms with changing them. Adaptive bioengineered products change the living organism.

Design products and procedures that solve medical problems. IDP BioBug Biomedical Engineer: Design products and procedures that solve medical problems. These include artificial organs, prostheses, instrumentation, medical information systems, and health management and care delivery systems. CSIRO: Commonwealth Scientific & Industrial Research Organisation Professor Orme Masson, one of the first Professors of Chemistry at the University of Melbourne, was instrumental in setting up the CSIRO (then called the CSIR) and served on its first council, thus associating the University with its establishment. (source: A Short History of the University of Melbourne, pg. 62) Ranked the best performing Australian research university according to the key indices of research performance; research income, research publications, number of research higher degree enrolments and number of students completing research higher degrees (source: UniNews, V12, No.23) Highest amount of total research income Australia wide 1998-2002 (source: Reporting on the Planning Process, presentation by Ian Marshman, 5.03.04) Internationally recognised teaching staff: Nobel Prize Winners: Professor Peter Doherty and Professor Bert Sakmann Laureate Professor David Boger (Eng) winner of several international awards for environmental research. Professor Tim McCormak (Law): appointed one of three special international advisers to judges prosecuting former Yugoslav President Slobodan Milosovic for war crimes Professor Graeme Clark (Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences), who developed the world’s first bionic ear One of the University’s strategic goals (as set out in its operational plan 2004) is to recruit and retain high quality staff. Programs to accomplish this include Eminent scholars program - recruitment of Nobel Laureates or persons of equivalent standing Visiting scholars program Federation fellowships : people are appointed for a given amount of time and are provided with additional funding to develop their research Top University links: U21: An international network of leading research-intensive universities to facilitate collaboration and cooperation between the member universities and create entrepreneurial opportunities. UK : University of London (Imperial, Kings and University Colleges as faculty agreements); University of Edinburgh (U21), University of Nottingham (U21) USA: Cornell University (faculty), University of California Berkley (general), Duke University (Law), University of Virginia (U21) Canada: McGill University (general), University of British Columbia (U21), University of Toronto China: Fudan University (U21), Peking University (U21) France: Institute of Political Studies (faculty), National Polytechnic Institute of Grenoble (faculty) Germany: Humboldt University (general) India: Indian institute of Science (general) Japan: Keio University (General), Kyoto University (general) Korea: Seoul national University (general) The Netherlands: Leiden University (general) Singapore: National University of Singapore (U21) Sweden: Uppsala University (general) Thailand: Chulaongkorn University (general) CRICOS: 00116K

Hearing Aide Artificial Heart Prosthetics Artificial Hip Artificial Skin

Bioengineering: Forensics PCR machines (Polymerase Chain Reaction) allow scientists to create a vast quantity (copies) of a piece of DNA found at a crime scene.

Bioengineering in Agriculture Bioengineering can make crops resistant to diseases, herbicides, frost, & pests. Crops for food is altered so that it is more nutritious and better tasting.

Biofuels A fuel made from living things. Biofuels substituted for some of the gasoline burned in automobile engines. With the help of bacteria, ethanol can be made from cellulose, a substance in the hard fibers of plants

Technology & Society Technology provides solutions for many types of social, political, and economic needs. Intended Benefit An intended benefit is the positive purpose for which a technology is designed to be used. Unintended Consequences Unintended consequences are uses or results that engineers do not purposely include in the design of products. An unintended consequence can be harmful or beneficial.

Food Bioengineered food must be tested for safety. One risk is moving genes from one species to another and causing allergic reactions in people. Most people, who drink green tea, do it for a simple reason and that is to loose weight and cut down on fat. It is now believed to be helpful in Dental Care and Tooth Decay as well besides treating Diabetes and Inflammatory Bowel Disease Syndrome (IBDS). There is more research being performed on the benefits of green tea and soon it might be an answer to inflammatory diseases like arthritis. Green Tea might be helpful in reducing inflammation and slowing cartilage breakdown.

Intended benefit and unintended consequences List the intended benefit and unintended consequence for each technology: Aspirin Intended benefit- pain reliever Unintended consequence- prevents heart attacks & reduce the severity of strokes Cars Intended benefit- Faster transportation Unintended consequence- air pollution DDT (pesticide) Intended benefit- kill insects and other plant pests Unintended consequence- interfering with the reproduction in birds and killed them; helped put bald eagles on the endangered species list

Challenge: You and a partner must select and research a bioengineered technology. You must answer the following questions on the worksheet provided: Describe the function of the bioengineered technology. Is the bioengineered technology assistive or adaptive? Explain. What is the intended benefit of the bioengineered technology? Who does it benefit? What is an unintended consequence of the bioengineered technology? How could bioengineers make this technology better?