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Concept Check While studying Mendelian genetics, you learned the terms genotype and phenotype. The figure diagrams the flow of genetic information in a eukaryote. Which of the following are the molecular-level equivalents of genotype and phenotype? Genotype Phenotype transcription translation DNA RNA DNA protein RNA protein Answer: c © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc. 2

Answer While studying Mendelian genetics, you learned the terms genotype and phenotype. The figure diagrams the flow of genetic information in a eukaryote. Which of the following are the molecular-level equivalents of genotype and phenotype? Genotype Phenotype transcription translation DNA RNA DNA protein RNA protein © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc. 3

Concept Check Genetic material at the molecular level must have three important properties: The genetic material must be able to copy itself. The genetic material must be able to direct the expression of an organism’s phenotype. The genetic material must generate variation in some manner. Which of the following processes account for these properties? Phenotype Copy expression Variation transcription translation replication replication translation mutation replication transcription mutation translation mutation replication Answer: b © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc. 4

Concept Check Genetic material at the molecular level must have three important properties: The genetic material must be able to copy itself. The genetic material must be able to direct the expression of an organism’s phenotype. The genetic material must generate variation in some manner. Which of the following processes account for these properties? Phenotype Copy expression Variation transcription translation replication replication translation mutation replication transcription mutation translation mutation replication Answer: b © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc. 5

Concept Check Consider the mRNA sequence shown below. Consider the mRNA sequence shown below. UUC CAU GGU CGA GGU CGU What is the corresponding amino acid sequence that you would expect after translation? Phe-Ser-Pro-His-Met-Trp- Gly-Val-Ser-Arg-Glu Lys-Val-Pro-Ala-Pro-Ala Phe-His-Gly-Arg-Gly-Arg Phe-Val-Pro-Arg-Gly-Arg Answer: c © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc. 6

Answer Consider the mRNA sequence shown below. UUC CAU GGU CGA GGU CGU Consider the mRNA sequence shown below. UUC CAU GGU CGA GGU CGU What is the corresponding amino acid sequence that you would expect after translation? Phe-Ser-Pro-His-Met-Trp- Gly-Val-Ser-Arg-Glu Lys-Val-Pro-Ala-Pro-Ala Phe-His-Gly-Arg-Gly-Arg Phe-Val-Pro-Arg-Gly-Arg © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc. 7

Concept Check An organism’s genetic information is stored within the sequence of _____. This information is transcribed into a sequence of _____, which are then translated into a sequence of _____. DNA bases; amino acids; RNA bases RNA bases; DNA bases; amino acids amino acids; DNA bases; RNA bases DNA bases; RNA bases; amino acids Answer: d © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc. 8

Answer An organism’s genetic information is stored within the sequence of _____. This information is transcribed into a sequence of _____, which are then translated into a sequence of _____. DNA bases; amino acids; RNA bases RNA bases; DNA bases; amino acids amino acids; DNA bases; RNA bases DNA bases; RNA bases; amino acids © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc. 9