10 15 5 Year: 9 Sci Unit Topic: Accidents and Gadgets Lesson Topic: Pulleys Lesson Outcomes/Main Ideas: 1. How pulleys work 2. Mechanical Advantage Advance Organiser: PPT AGLP08 page 3 (Pulley Rules) on board for S to copy into books. Housekeeping Action Resources Time House: Role whilst S copy PPT into book Remind S about graph homework from Friday – due Wednesday PPT AGLP08 – Pulleys 10 Introduction – Story about using a single pulley to lift stairs up to the front door of my relocated house. explain/point out distances the load and force moves 1 Fixed Pulley – S copy title, diagram and table into books T demo, S helpers take readings, and put result on board. Pulley demo set up – stand, clamp, pulleys, masses (10x50g), string 15 2 Movable Pulley – S copy title, diagram and table into books A/A 3 Combined Pulley – S copy title, diagram and table into books End T explain/point out the load and force distances moved Word Maze Pulleys and masses (xtra to demos) for S to make own pulley systems. 5 Extension Activity: S to work on other pulley set ups. Homework Set: Simple Machines worksheet.

Lesson Thoughts Next: Run through the demos, then get S to design own pulley, work out it’s MA, then build it. This might require much more than one lesson!! Need worksheets – basically pages 4-6 plus a blank table for S design (a missing slide 7). I could – run through the demos, then hand out the worksheets, for S to work through themselves. This should give them more time to work on their own pulley system. Actually if I have a separate sheet, do I need everything on the slide?? Yes - because S will see on the whiteboard what they see on their paper, and I can write on the white board. No - because it is on the sheet, and it clutters up the slide Story - stairs up to my relocated house.

Pulley Rules Mechanical Advantage Combining more than one pulley means that big weights can be lifted with very little effort. BUT for each metre raised, much more rope has to be pulled through. Mechanical Advantage Count the number of rope sections. If the rope is pulled up , the number of rope sections = the MA (Mechanical Advantage). If the rope is pulled down , then minus 1 from the number of rope sections. This number then = MA (Mechanical Advantage). Divide the weight to be lifted by the mechanical advantage to find out how much force is required to lift.

Pulleys 1: Fixed Watch the demonstration. Work out the MA (Mechanical Advantage) Number of strings = N If Pull up , p = 0 If Pull down , p = 1 MA = N - p Note: Effort = Mass/MA Take spring balance measurements as follows: Effort Mass MA Mass Balance /MA 100 1 100 ? 300 1 300 500 1 500 What do you notice? Mass

Pulleys 2: Movable Watch the demonstration. Work out the MA (Mechanical Advantage) Number of strings = N If Pull up , p = 0 If Pull down , p = 1 MA = N - p Note: Effort = Mass/MA Take spring balance measurements as follows: Effort Mass MA Mass Balance /MA 100 2 50 ? 300 500 What do you notice? Mass

Pulleys 3: Combined Watch the demonstration. Work out the MA (Mechanical Advantage) Number of strings = N If Pull up , p = 0 If Pull down , p = 1 MA = N - p Note: Effort = Mass/MA Take spring balance measurements as follows: Effort Mass MA Mass Balance /MA 100 ? ? ? 300 500 What do you notice? Mass

Pulleys 4: Your Choice Equipment: pulleys (single or double), string, 1 spring balance Design a pulley system using more than two pulleys: Work out the MA and how much effort you will need. Build your pulley system. Take spring balance measurements as follows: Effort Mass MA Mass Balance /MA 100 ? ? ? 300 500 What do you notice? How many pulleys? Pull Up ? ? ? Mass Pull Down ? How many pulleys?