3G Wireless Presentation Bryan Reamer Ma Yixing Shu Yang IS306 Telecommunication Networks

3G wireless The next step in mobile communications Define 3G wireless Where implementation is at Constraints to Global implementation Who benefits What are the benefits 3G wireless is the next step in wireless communication Our objective is to define what 3G wireless is Where it is currently implemented What are the constraints to implementation And who benefits and what those benefits might be

3G’s ITU IMT-2000 definition Support circuit and packet data high bit rate 144kbps in high mobility(vehicular) traffic 384kbps for pedestrian traffic 2Mbps or higher for indoor traffic Interoperability and roaming common billing/ user profile Sharing of usage/rate information between service provider Standardized call detail recording Standardized user profile Geographical position of mobiles and report it to both the network and the mobile terminal Support of multimedia services/ capabilities Fixed and variable bit rate traffic Bandwidth on demand Asymmetric data rates in forward and reverse links Multimedia store and forward Broadband access up to 2Mbps First we must determine what 3G is According to the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) International Mobile Telecommunications 2000 initiative ("IMT-2000") third generation mobile ("3G") system services are scheduled to be initiated around the year 2000, subject to market considerations. The following Table describes some of the key service attributes and capabilities expected of 3G systems:

Next decide who has implemented 3G networks This chart shows the different commercially launched networks First the majority are CDMA2000 1x which only have a data rate of 144kbps Which does not meet MTI-2000 standards Next there are two systems that have implemented CDMA2000 1xve-do

Current Products FOMA N2001 by NEC, the standard phone, with an improved color screen and -like the P2101V- no external antenna. P2101V by Panasonic, outwardly similar to the P503is, sports a camera that besides taking stills allows it function as a TV phone with other P2101V handsets. P2401 by Panasonic, a PCMCI card designed for data transmission up to 384Kpbs downstream and 64K upstream.

Wireless Services Available in US Verizon - cdma2000 1x technology up to 144 kbit/s but users should see speeds of 40 to 60 kbit/s on average. data speed 19.2kbps or less locally Sprint - Plans to upgrade by 2004 GPSR and EDGE Cingular - plans to start CDMA2000 1x AT&T - Deploying GSM/GPRS to 40% of its market, next to EDGE software to WCDMA T-Mobile - GSM/GPSR service Nextel Communications – unknown plans The company is the first U.S. wireless carrier to commercially launch a sizeable 3G footprint. The 1XRTT network is available now to customers in areas of the Northeast U.S., from Norfolk, VA, Washington, D.C., Baltimore, Philadelphia, New York, up to Boston and in Portland, Maine; in the technology-savvy Silicon Valley and San Francisco Bay Area of Northern California; and in Salt Lake City, site of the 2002 Winter Olympics. 1XRTT network capabilities are already available in more than 20% of the Verizon Wireless footprint, reaching more than 53 million Americans. The Express Network is Verizon Wireless' 1XRTT data network, capable of data transmission speeds up to 144 kbps. Business customers and individual consumers in Express Network markets may take advantage of high wireless data speeds and robust Internet access by using the new Verizon Wireless 2235 handset from Kyocera with a compatible Mobile Office kit as a modem for their laptops, or by using the AirCard 555 PC card from Sierra Wireless, for their laptops and select PDAs. Express Network subscribers on the high-speed data network can now have access to their company network or Internet at faster speeds.

3G wireless timeline September 1998: Call in DoCoMo's trial network October 1, 2001: NTT DoCoMo launched commercial WCDMA 3G mobile network. November 1, 2001: Live 3G EDGE call. December 1, 2001: Commercial UMTS network(Norway). No UMTS terminals December 19, 2001: International UMTS 3GPP roaming calls. Madrid - Tokyo. January 28, 2002: Commercial CDMA2000 1xEV-DO. February 8, 2002: End-to-end 3G WCDMA 3GPP packet data calls February 18, 2002: GSM/GPRS and 3G/UMTS product. February 20, 2002: Rich call in an end-to-end All-IP September 24, 2002: Dual mode WCDMA/GSM calls with seamless handover between the two modes and high data rate in live networks September 25, 2002: "Europe's First UMTS-Network" September 26, 2002: Nokia [6650] for WCDMA [UMTS] and GSM networks". October 1, 2002: Bluetooth WCDMA (UMTS) and GSM Voice Calls. October 3, 2002: VoIP call completed in a 3GPP release 4 compliant network. October 10, 2002: UMTS voice and data calls demonstrating mobility across commercial cell sites using live 1900 MHz radio spectrum,  

Reasons for delay Regulations Developing Technology Financial Considerations

3G Technology: -UMTS (W-CDMA,TD-CDMA) & CDMA 2000 UMTS- Europe, Japan, China CDMA2000 – US, Korea Goof afternoon, ladies and gentlemen. My name is Ma. I’m going to present the technology part of the 3G wireless network. Due to the fragmented nature of 3G, today we have various 3G standards and a bunch of confusing acronyms which always make us headache. But basically there are 2 dominant technologies and most important terms to remember. One is UMTS, standing for "Universal Mobile Telecommunications System", which is a 3G standard that has been agreed for Europe, Japan and China. The other one is CDMA2000, which is primarily used in US and Korea. Probably you may ask why different countries use different 3G technology. As you see the migration roadmap of the 3G, you may find the answer. UMTS evolves from GSM network, while as CDMA2000 developed on the base of CDMAone network used in US and Korea today.

3G Technology: -UMTS W-CDMA (FDD) Duplex TD-CDMA (TDD) First, I’m going to introduce a little bit about both of the standards. UMTS includes 2 techniques in turn known as Wide-CDMA and TD-CDMA. The difference is W-CDMA uses a technology called Frequency Division Duplex. As you see on the screen, FDD means you have to use different and symmetric bands for uplink and downlink communication respectively. Another technology used by TD-CDMA is Time Division Duplex, allows you to operate up and down on the same frequency, so that can save the spectrum.

3G Technology: -CDMA 2000 1XRTT (144 Kbps) 3XRTT (2Mbps) 1X EV (Evolution) 1X EV-DO ("Data Only"): Separate frequencies for data and voice. 1X EV-DV ("Data and Voice"): integrate voice and data on the same frequency band Let’s take another look at the CDMA 2000 developed by Qualcomm. CDMA2000 has two phases, phase one is 1XRTT also known as 1X whose data rate is 144 Kbps, and this can be upgraded to phase two 3X. The next evolutionary step is to the 2 1X EV, EV stands for Evolution. One is EVDO (Data Only) will use separate frequencies for data and voice. The other is 1X EV-DV. Which ……

W-CDMA vs. CDMA 2000 W-CDMA: Brand new network, requires new spectrum. CDMA2000: Build on the old CDMA network, deploy fast, flexible in spectrum, more efficient for both voice and data, base station synchronization, existing in Korea. Let’s compare the W-CDMA, CDMA2000 briefly. Most of all, there’s existing CDMA2000 system in Korea. To my perspective, I prefer the CDMA 2000.

Standardization: 3GPP- UMTS 3GPP2- CDMA2000 Global Roaming During the development of different technologies of 3G, 2 groups were established for standardizing the UMTS and CDMA2000. One is 3rd Generation Partnership Project, the other is 2nd. However, they are still two standards respectively, What if we hope that mobile devices using the two systems will be able to talk to each other, that’s a issue called global roaming

Spectrum: ITU Suggests 1885-2025 MHz and 2110-2200 MHz for 3G service. Europe and Asia: Available US: N/A Another big issue of 3G is the spectrum. ITU , the International Telecommunications Union, suggests the ideal frequency bands for 3G is 1885-2025 MHz and 2110-2200 MHz. But unfortunately, these spectrums are not available in US.

But where these spectrums go in US? 806-890 MHz goes to existing cellular and other mobile services. 1710-1885 MHz is used by the Department Of Defense. 2500-2690 MHz band is allocated to TV industry.

Spectrum: Regulators FCC (Federal Communication Commission) NTIA (National Communications and Information Administration) US, until September-2004 Demand is high, spectrums are limited Carriers need the license from government to run the business. To remove this hindrance for the adoption of 3G in the U.S. Two regulatory agencies are working very hard. One is Federal Communication Commission and one is National Communication and Information Administration. The spectrum will not be available until Sep. 2004. Again, even they have achieved allocating the spectrum, there’s still high demands versus limited spectrum. Carriers have to bid spectrum from auction. This will cause financial problem of 3G. I will welcome Mr. Yang to present next part – financial issue of 3G.

Is 3G a wireless marvel or an investment disaster? The 3G technology promises high-speed data, mobile streaming video and anytime-anywhere access. But implementation costs have significantly dampened enthusiasm.

Spectrum cost Limited spectrum Major carriers have to pay the $16 billion for getting the license from government auction of spectrum licenses. the prices some companies paid for licensing are affecting their ability to invest in 3G infrastructure.

Technology cost WCDMA or CDMA 2000 Example of Korea and Japan The situation is similar in the U.S. Sprint PCS and other CDMA operators on the path to cheaper upgrade than those operators on the path to W-CDMA. So the CDMA2000 has time advantage, W-CDMA has scale. but this scale advantage need time.

Price compare

The existing networks are determining what path the carriers are choosing to get to 3G. · North American wireless carriers Carrier Path to 3G Wireless subscribers (voice & data) Sprint PCS CDMA 2000 90 million Verizon Wireless 26 million Cingular WCDMA 19 million AT&T Wireless UMTS & WCDMA 12 million VoiceStream 3 million

Expensive devices and service to consumers In addition to 3G's already expensive tag, the end user devices to be used in conjunction with the next generation of wireless infrastructure are also expected to be expensive. It's estimated that 3G-enabled handsets will cost $300, in addition to monthly service fees that could be as high as $90.

Handsets price

Huge market Despite these hurdles, major carries and equipment vendors have mostly laid out their blueprints for migrating toward 3G technology. China already is the world's largest cell phone market, with 180 million subscribers and growing.

Current wireless users

Conclusion There are several factors that delay the deployment of 3G systems worldwide, but it is such a large market issue companies will continue to use resources in developing 3G technologies.

Q & A