What’s the MATTER, Definition, States, and Change of State

MATTER, Definition, States, and MATTER, Definition, States, and Change of State At the conclusion of our time together, you should be able to: Define matter Define the various states of matter and draw an example of each state Recognize that particle motion determines the state of matter

Matter: Anything that has mass and takes up space Matter is made up of building blocks: atom – smallest unit of an element. element – a pure substance made of only one kind of atom. compound – made of two or more atoms that are chemically combined.

FYI 90% of the Earth’s crust is made up of only 5 elements: Oxygen 49.2% Silicon 25.7 % Aluminum 7.5% Iron 4.7% Calcium 3.4%

States of Matter Solid- Definite volume and shape Particles are tightly packed Slight expansion when heated Incompressible

Vibration around fixed points Solid Vibration around fixed points

States of Matter Liquid- Has definite volume, but no definite shape (assumes the shape of the container) Particles are loosely packed (can flow by sliding over each other) Easily expand when heated Considered incompressible

Vibration around sliding points Liquid Vibration around sliding points

States of Matter Gas- No definite shape or volume Expand to fill the container Particles are spaced far apart Compressible

Gas Vibration around moving points

States of Matter Plasma- Consists of electrically charged particles It’s an ionized gas Common in space, but very rare on Earth Found in lightning, fluorescent lights and neon signs

Plasma When atoms are so hot, they lose ALL of their electrons. “Super-heated Gas”

Energy Amounts in States of Matter Solid- little energy, particles vibrate and rotate Liquid- more energy, they move freely by sliding over each other Gas- even more energy, move quickly Plasma- most energy, move extremely fast

All You Really Need To Know You Can Learn From Noah's Ark 5. Plan ahead. It wasn't raining when Noah built the ark. 6. Build your future on high ground.

Solid Liquid Gas Plasma Made of Atoms Holds its shape Atoms move past each other

States of Matter Changes of State Energy Gas Energy Liquid Energy Solid

Names of Phase Changes Solid to Liquid = Melting Liquid to Gas = Boiling/evaporation Gas to Liquid = Condensation Liquid to Solid = Freezing Solid to Gas = Sublimation Gas to Solid = Deposition

Boiling Condensation Freezing Melting Gas Sublimation Liquid Solid Deposition Condensation Liquid Sublimation Melting Freezing Solid

Gas Liquid Solid Sublimation When a solid turns directly into a gas. Dry ice is solid CO2 Solid

MATTER, Definition, States, and Change of State Lets see if you can: Define matter Define the various states of matter and draw an example of each state Recognize that particle motion determines the state of matter

States of Matter List the Location of Each Change of State Melting Condensation Boiling Energy Gas Energy Liquid Energy Solid Deposition Freezing Sublimation

List the Location of Each Enthapy Used to Change State Heat of Fusion Heat of Vaporization Energy Gas Energy Liquid Energy Endothermic  Solid Exothermic

Moisture that collects on the outside of a cold glass results from the process of… evaporation. condensation. sublimation. vaporization.