ISLAM.

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 Islam began in the city of Mecca in the Arabian Peninsula in the 600s AD.  Muhammad began to hear the voice of the angel Gabriel, calling on him to.

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Presentation transcript:

ISLAM

MUHAMMAD Born in Mecca Did not like how the rich ignored the poor Heard a voice and became a prophet

PROPHET Person who tells of messages from God

ISLAM Based on messages that Muhammad received from God Messages found in the Quran Islam- Means “submit to God”

FEAR Merchants scared of Muhammad’s influence Moves to Medina “the Prophet’s city” Moves in 622 (becomes year one of the Islamic calendar) “hegira” which means “journey” House was the first mosque

MOHAMMAD’S DEATH DIES IN 632

BELIEFS Belief in one God, Allah “The God” Members are like family Share with less fortunate God will judge everyone at the end of the world No alcohol No pork

5 PILLARS OF ISLAM Affirmation of faith Alms PG. 253 Ramadan Hajj Prayer Alms PG. 253 Ramadan Hajj

RULES OF RAMADAN 30 days No eating or drinking anything during daylight hrs Pray and spend time with family during the day

EXEMPTIONS People who do not have to participate Pregnant women Sick people Very young or very old people

MODESTY Hijab- head scarf

KAABA 50 FEET HIGH 35 FT WIDE 40 FT LONG

HAJJ

SECTS SH’IA- More extreme SUNNI

QURAN AND SUNNAH Islamic texts Quran like Christian Bible Sunnah based on Muhammad’s life- guides Muslim behavior

JIHAD “to make an effort, or to struggle” Also translated as “Holy War”

SHARIA Islamic Law Most Islamic countries ruled by Sharia Theocracy- Government ruled by religious laws

SPREAD OF ISLAM Abu Bakr- took over after Muhammad’s death Pulled Muslim groups together to form an empire Islam spread through conquest, but mostly through trade.

ACHIEVEMENTS Astronomy Geography- Ibn Battutah Math- our system using “Arabic” numbers, “zero” Medicine Literature- One Thousand and One Nights (Sinbad, Aladdin) Visual Arts- calligraphy, minarets