LEVEL 4 ENERGY ASSESSOR TRAINING 10.0 - BUILDING ENERGY MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS or BEMS

LEVEL 4 ENERGY ASSESSOR TRAINING Controls? – Why do we need them: Legislation ADL2A – SECTION 1 paragraph 40 Systems should be provided with appropriate controls to enable the achievement of reasonable standard of energy efficiency in use, and Systems should be sub-divided into separate control zones to correspond to each area of the building which as a different solar exposure, pattern, type of use, and Each separate control zone should be capable of independent timing, temperature control on each service like heating, ventilation, domestic hot water and air conditioning, and The provision of service should respond to the requirements of the space it serves. If both heating and cooling are provided then they should be controlled so as not to operate simultaneously, and Central plant should only operate as and when each the zone systems require it. The default condition should be OFF.

History of Conventional Controls and BEMS: 19/05/2018 LEVEL 4 ENERGY ASSESSOR TRAINING History of Conventional Controls and BEMS: What was the first control: What came next: What came next : The Human hand via a switch/ starter The single thermostat The dual thermostat The single time switch Control valves, two and three port Weather Compensation controller Programmable Weather Compensation controller with clock Zone valves, two and three port Thermostatic Radiator Valves Programmable day & week programmer Multi-boiler sequencer JEL optimiser with optimum ‘on & ‘off’ JEL EMS which included the above JEL EMS with day economy and boiler isolation via valves Hollec BEMS which housed everything above plus metering Hollec is now TREND This Slide will take you through the key elements of conventional control and hopefully you will see the link between this and Building energy management systems.

LEVEL 4 ENERGY ASSESSOR TRAINING Optimum Stop/ Start Controller Conventional controls Boiler sequence Control Unit Time Control

LEVEL 4 ENERGY ASSESSOR TRAINING Conventional controls

LEVEL 4 ENERGY ASSESSOR TRAINING Conventional controls

What is ‘Building Energy Management System’: 19/05/2018 LEVEL 4 ENERGY ASSESSOR TRAINING What is ‘Building Energy Management System’: The means to accept analogue and digital input data from external devices and convert the data into signals to bring on plant and equipment to provide an adequate internal environment with the least amount of energy to sustain it. A Building Energy Management system is a new state of the art electronic device that can accept data, record, log, convert and transmit signals to individual devices to ask them to either come ‘on’ or ‘off’, to provide an adequate internal environment. Also to monitor the environment and provide visualisation of the working and alarm of non-working profiles of the building and its services. It can collect fuel data and provide accurate information that can be used for billing and exception reporting. This slide give us the definition of what Building Energy Management System is all about

Building Energy Management System Puzzle: 19/05/2018 LEVEL 4 ENERGY ASSESSOR TRAINING Building Energy Management System Puzzle: So therefore what is the big question about Building Energy Management Systems? What is it?

LEVEL 4 ENERGY ASSESSOR TRAINING 19/05/2018 LEVEL 4 ENERGY ASSESSOR TRAINING INPUTS CONTROLLER OUTPUTS Temperature Pressure Humidity Analogue maths PID logic Analogue Modulated Run, Fault, Trip, from plant Digital On Digital On/Off The modern way is to use a computer like the one I am presenting. It as to be programmed for it to work. The Controller acts as the Brain between the inputs and outputs. Therefore it needs inputs from the items listed. The brain does some mathematical calculations and produces some outputs to achieve the required time, temperature and logic of control. For example, run the pump only if there is a heating demand, the safety circuits is OK and the building is in occupancy. The software in the controller is purpose designed allowing engineers to set the style of control needed. Typical functions included are: Occupancy schedules, Optimum start and stop, Weather compensation, Boiler sequencing, Lead Lag etc. Each site stands alone and houses its strategy in its own controller as detailed on the slide. Can also provide alarms when the plant has failed but these need setting up, they are not automatic. Also, with these alarms they need transmitting to a place were they can be acted upon. This means a designated telephone line. Pulse Fuel meters The BEMS IQ Controller

LEVEL 4 ENERGY ASSESSOR TRAINING 19/05/2018 LEVEL 4 ENERGY ASSESSOR TRAINING Outstations Main plant controllers Area Network Terminal unit controllers Via Internet The “system” comprises all these elements in a mix suitable for the application. Allowing different types/sizes of controller, Different supervisory devices Telephone or other commercial network links like Ethernet, feature net X25, etc. Typically, single network systems are installed in small Office blocks, Schools, Town halls, Sports Centres. To re-emphasize: The system is made up of intelligent controllers used directly for plant control which are then networked to enable the BENEFITS of a BMS, to be realised. Key pad in Buildings Other controllers Supervisors Simple building BEMS network Palm Unit

LEVEL 4 ENERGY ASSESSOR TRAINING 19/05/2018 maths logic PID Alarms Times Logs LEVEL 4 ENERGY ASSESSOR TRAINING The Current Controller Analogue Temperature Pressure Humidity Digital Run / fault Pulsed Meters Inputs Modulating or on/off valves Time control for boilers, chillers etc. Outputs This is the new controller we are using (IQ3) and it provides us with the potential to meter read as well as building control. It also gives us the potential to Web browse and provide Building Managers with a dynamic pictures on what’s happening with their plant and system and the potential to change specific settings. All this is being developed currently and is bring our activities inline with the current and future Building regulations and European Directives. Alarm Management via e-mail & SMS

LEVEL 4 ENERGY ASSESSOR TRAINING 19/05/2018 LEVEL 4 ENERGY ASSESSOR TRAINING This slide shows dynamic pictures of the plant real time data plus the alarms that is required by ADL2A Dynamic Mimics Run / fault Alarms

LEVEL 4 ENERGY ASSESSOR TRAINING 19/05/2018 LEVEL 4 ENERGY ASSESSOR TRAINING This slide shows the building blocks of the control strategy to create a change in the internal environment from information received from the numerous sensors picking up the data. The slide shows variable temperature control in the Admin zone of a building.

The Future Architecture 19/05/2018 LEVEL 4 ENERGY ASSESSOR TRAINING This is the future where by we can visually present building operational data to the community on their public buildings through the visual screens housed in the foyers of the buildings. This new strategy also falls inline with the EPC, DEC and Building log book which the new building regulations and the European Directive wants us to present, inform and educate our communities. The Future Architecture

LEVEL 4 ENERGY ASSESSOR TRAINING 19/05/2018 LEVEL 4 ENERGY ASSESSOR TRAINING System Architecture: This slide shows us the architecture we had to develop to make sure we received the same data the suppliers received and also to produce the exception reports. You will notice that the BEMS system was used to collect the data and then was visible via the central supervisor. The data was also sent to energy accounting companies to develop the exception reports.

aM&T – Automatic Monitoring and Targeting 19/05/2018 LEVEL 4 ENERGY ASSESSOR TRAINING aM&T – Automatic Monitoring and Targeting This slide shows us the top hat of a buildings daily profile. It also shows you the methodology used to track but also develop the next days energy profile through hysteresis control with control and alert levels set. From the alert levels we received exception reports. ‘Control’ Operational level ‘Alert’ operational level Principles of Monitoring and Targeting- static and automatic

LEVEL 4 ENERGY ASSESSOR TRAINING 19/05/2018 LEVEL 4 ENERGY ASSESSOR TRAINING Why do we need to do It? Kyoto Agreement The Kyoto Agreement commits Britain to keep annual greenhouse emissions during the period 2008 to 2012 to 12% below 1990 levels. EU Energy Performance of Buildings Directive 2003 Article 7 requires the production of:– Energy Performance Certificates (EPCs or Asset Ratings) Display Energy Certificates (DEC) Required for buildings with a total useful area of 1000sq.m occupied by public authorities, intuitions providing public services to a large number of persons and therefore frequently visited by these persons Building Regulation Part ADL2A & ADL2B Just read out the key points and emphasize the link with EPC, DEC, Building log book, Advisory report and the recommendation report.

LEVEL 4 ENERGY ASSESSOR TRAINING 19/05/2018 LEVEL 4 ENERGY ASSESSOR TRAINING What will It provide: Can Provide half hourly data for each service utility Can provide Energy monitoring management of our buildings and performance of each control and plant element. Can provide Automatic daily profiling of the building’s energy requirements. Contributes to the removal of ‘estimated’ bills surrounding conventional billing service through more accurate control of the environment and plant. Offers our business reliable and accurate visualisation of control and plant performance for consumed energy Provides a means to monitor our carbon emissions against the European Directive and Government targets Gives us a visualisation on how our building is being controlled and whether it is in acceptable control limits. Just read through each element and provide a big more back ground

LEVEL 4 ENERGY ASSESSOR TRAINING 19/05/2018 LEVEL 4 ENERGY ASSESSOR TRAINING Benefits: Accurate and reliable bills based on actual meter readings Reduce electricity, gas and water usage and costs Greater purchasing flexibility through accurate procurement forecasting Pro-active energy management, based on real time data Compliance with legislation on energy consumption management Provides a vehicle for reducing and managing CO² emissions via better analysis of accurate and timely data Provides the means to maintain a sustainable environment for our building users through better control of its services and reduced carbon emissions Just read through each element and provide a big more back ground

LEVEL 4 ENERGY ASSESSOR TRAINING ANY QUESTIONS OR FEEDBACK Any questions or clarity needed over this topic and slides 20