Asexual vs. Sexual Reproduction

Asexual Reproduction Asexual Reproduction - one organism produces one or more new organisms that are identical to itself and that live independently of it Asexual reproduction = one parent The primary form of reproduction for single-celled organisms such as archaea, bacteria, and protists Some plants and fungi reproduce asexually as well

Asexual Reproduction Cell division and asexual reproduction are the same thing in all single-celled organisms The offspring produced by asexual reproduction are genetically identical to the parent Binary Fission, Budding, and Regeneration are types of asexual reproduction

Binary Fission Type of Asexual Reproduction Binary fission - process by which parent cell splits producing two independent daughter cells that are identical to the parent cell Replicated DNA goes with each new daughter cell Archaea, bacteria, and protist reproduce by binary fission

Budding Type of Asexual Reproduction Budding - process in which an organism develops tiny buds on its body. Each bud forms from the parent’s cells and grows until it forms a complete or nearly complete new organism that is genetically identical to the parent Offspring grows out of parent Yeast and hydras reproduce by budding Budding

Regeneration Type of Asexual Reproduction Regeneration - process by which body of parent breaks and produces offspring Fungus, moss, sea star, and planaria reproduce by regeneration Fragmentation or Clonal Fragmentation is a form of asexual reproduction or cloning where an organism is split into fragments. The splitting may or may not be intentional. Each of these fragments develop into mature, fully grown individuals that are a clone of the original organism. If the organism is split any further the process is repeated. Fragmentation is seen in many organisms such as molds, some annelid worms, and starfish. Binary fission of single-celled organisms such bacteria, protozoa and many algae is a type of fragmentation. Molds, yeast, and mushrooms, all of which are part of the Fungi kingdom, produce tiny filaments called hyphae. These hyphae obtain food and nutrients from the body of other organisms to grow and fertilize. Then a piece of hyphae breaks off and grows into a new individual and the cycle continues. Fragmentation is observed in nonvascular plants as well, liverworts and mosses.

Regeneration Fragmentation or Clonal Fragmentation is a form of asexual reproduction or cloning where an organism is split into fragments. The splitting may or may not be intentional. Each of these fragments develop into mature, fully grown individuals that are a clone of the original organism. If the organism is split any further the process is repeated. Fragmentation is seen in many organisms such as molds, some annelid worms, and starfish. Binary fission of single-celled organisms such bacteria, protozoa and many algae is a type of fragmentation. Molds, yeast, and mushrooms, all of which are part of the Fungi kingdom, produce tiny filaments called hyphae. These hyphae obtain food and nutrients from the body of other organisms to grow and fertilize. Then a piece of hyphae breaks off and grows into a new individual and the cycle continues. Fragmentation is observed in nonvascular plants as well, liverworts and mosses. Moss

Sexual Reproduction Sexual Reproduction – a type of reproduction in which male and female reproductive cells combine to form offspring with genetic material from each parent Sexual Reproduction – two parents Results in increasing genetic diversity of the offspring Primary method of reproduction for the vast majority of visible organisms, including almost all animals and plants Brain Pop - Reproduction

Reproduction Thinking Map 1. Why is reproduction important? 2. Which type of reproduction results in the most genetic variation? Types of Reproduction Sexual Asexual Binary fission Regen-eration Budding