el teléfono – telephone la televisión – television LOS COGNADOS Cognates are words from two different languages that are the same or similar. These words sound the same and have the same meaning. el teléfono – telephone el elefante – elephant la radio – radio la televisión – television

mysterious - misterioso LOS COGNADOS Spanish Cognate Rule 1 Words that end in –ous change to –oso curious - curioso delicious - delicioso mysterious - misterioso precious - precioso religious - religioso

Words that end in –al are usually the same in English LOS COGNADOS Spanish Cognate Rule 2 Words that end in –al are usually the same in English hospital - hospital animal - animal casual - casual digital - digital final - final ideal - ideal tropical - tropical

Words that end in –ct change to –cto LOS COGNADOS Spanish Cognate Rule 3 Words that end in –ct change to –cto act - acto exact - exacto correct - correcto insect - insecto perfect - perfecto product - producto conflict - conflicto

ambulance - ambulancia tolerance - tolerancia importance - importancia LOS COGNADOS Spanish Cognate Rule 4 Words that end in –ance change to –ancia ambulance - ambulancia France - Francia distance - distancia tolerance - tolerancia elegance - elegancia importance - importancia

fantastic - fantástico LOS COGNADOS Spanish Cognate Rule 5 Words that end in –ic change to –ico basic - básico fantastic - fantástico organic - orgánico panic - pánico romantic - romántico

Words that end in –ar are usually the same in English LOS COGNADOS Spanish Cognate Rule 6 Words that end in –ar are usually the same in English lunar - lunar muscular - muscular regular - regular solar - solar similar - similar popular - popular

vocabulary - vocabulario temporary - temporario LOS COGNADOS Spanish Cognate Rule 7 Words that end in –ary change to –ario canary - canario diary - diario glossary - glossario primary - primario vocabulary - vocabulario temporary - temporario

important - importante LOS COGNADOS Spanish Cognate Rule 8 Words that end in –ant change to –ante distant - distante elegant - elegante important - importante vacant - vacante tolerant - tolerante instant - instante

destructible - destructible impossible - imposible LOS COGNADOS Spanish Cognate Rule 9 Words that end in –ble are usually the same in English terrible - terrible destructible - destructible horrible - horrible flexible - flexible impossible - imposible visible - visible

LOS COGNADOS Spanish Cognate Rule 10 Words that end in –ence change to –encia competence - competencia difference - diferencia excellence - excelencia frequence - frecuencia intelligence - inteligencia violence - violencia

Words that end in –id change to –ido LOS COGNADOS Spanish Cognate Rule 11 Words that end in –id change to –ido Note: many words following this rule have an accent on the first syllable. rapid - rápido solid - sólido stupid - estúpido liquid - líquido vivid - vívido

department - departmento LOS COGNADOS Spanish Cognate Rule 12 Words that end in –ment change to –mento argument - argumento cement - cemento department - departmento document - documento element - dlemento moment - momento

LOS COGNADOS FALSOS **Be careful though, some words that look like they are surely the same are not. These are called “false cognates”. sopa – soup éxito – success nombre – name ropa – clothing mano – hand embarazada – pregnant

LOS COGNADOS Y LAS FORMAS el rectángulo el círculo el triángulo el óvalo el cuadrado el corazón la estrella el rombo