Growth and Development Unit 2 Interpersonal Relationships

Development:  a process of growth and change over the course of a lifetime.

Maturity:   the period of time following the completion of one or more of the areas of development (physical, social, intellectual, emotional or moral)

Puberty: the period of development in which sexual maturity is achieved, and one is able to produce children.

Hormones: chemicals that are produced by the body, and control reproduction and growth (among other bodily functions) and can affect moods and feelings.

Emotions: feelings experienced in reaction to thoughts, remarks, events, etc.  

Socialization: the process of learning how to relate with others in the world.

Areas of Development - ch 21 pg 426-428 Emotional Intellectual ( mental) Physical Moral Social YOU

Physical Self - Grow taller Head, hands and feet grow faster Broad shoulders Increase in body hair Facial hair Increase in sweat production Voice changes Relocation of fatty deposits (breasts & hips) Menstruation/ Nocturnal Emmisions Increase in hormone production Reach sexual maturity Physical Self -

Intellectual Self - Gain knowledge and common sense Learn to use logic and reasoning (also called “Formal Thinking”) aka – understand cause & effect Develop abstract thinking (begin to be able to anticipate and understand the consequences of a potential action) Begin long-range planning Gain confidence in decision-making

Exhibit more social maturity Social Self - Develop friendships with the opposite gender Exhibit more social maturity Learn how to build deep friendships Begin to test and imitate modeled behaviors while trying to establish a more defined self-image (figuring out who you are and how you want others to think of you)

Emotional Self - Increase in mood swings/emotional extremes loving parents and then hating them feeling like total successes, then total failures wanting freedom and needing safety being thrilled with new experiences seeking comfort in familiarity Learn how to control/channel negative emotions in a non-destructive manner Learn to consider others’ feelings Learn to share emotions in an acceptable manner

Moral Self – (not just religion) Know right from wrong Recognize acceptable behavior Have control over choices Determine what is important to you Identify YOUR values

Some Theories of Development Maslow Erikson Kohlberg- ch 23 pg 459

Maslow’s Hierachy of Needs - a theory of development which focuses on the order of steps necessary for complete maturity.  

maslow

Erikson’s Stages of Development – a theory of development which focuses on an age-related developmental progression. Age Central Task Inability to master task Infancy (0-1) Trust vs. mistrust Inability/Unwillingness to Trust Toddler (1-2) Autonomy vs shame and doubt dependence Preschool Age (4-6) Initiative vs guilty Avoids Leadership School Age(6-12) Industry vsI Inferior Lacks Confidence Adolescence (13-20) Identity vs role confusion Confusion/Lacks Direction (YoungAdulthood ) (21-40) intimacy vs isolation Emotionally Destructive; Self-Isolation; Misuse of Sex; Inability to Commit Adulthood (41-60) Develop Generativity (generousity) Self-Absorption Older Gain Life Satisfaction/Integrity Feels Despair/Fears Death Adulthood (60+)   ’s

Kohlberg’s Moral self development Stage 1- Pre-conventional Obedience and punishment (Will I be punished?) Self- interest orientation (What’s in it for me?) Stage 2- Conventional Interpersonal accord and conformity ( good girl or good boy) Authority and social order maintaining attitude (law and order) Stage 3- Post Conventional Social contract ( respect, good for those around me?) Universal Ethical principles ( fairness, right to do)