Warm Up # 2 How did Roosevelt's “Cash and Carry” plan help to unite Americans towards one common goal? What did each side gain?

The Home Front

Building an Army In 1940, after France surrendered to Germany, Congress passed the Selective Service and Training Act (age 21-35). This was the first peacetime draft in American history. By the end of the war over 15 million men had served. About 5 million men volunteered and another 10 million were drafted.

Converting the Economy One of the key factors in America’s success in WWII was the high productivity of its industry. Automobile factories began to produce trucks, jeeps, and tanks. The automobile industry produced nearly 1/3 of the military equipment manufactured during the war. The War Production Board (WPB) could set production goals and control the distribution of raw materials and supplies.

Life on the Home Front Office of Price Administration (OPA) Created to stabilize wages and prices Rationed many products to make sure there were enough for the military Food, gasoline, and rubber were all restricted

Life on the Home Front Rationing Each household would pick up a book of ration coupons each month. Blue coupons controlled processed foods. Red coupons were for meats, fats, and oils. In order to buy food you had to have enough coupons [and money of course]

Red for Meats, Fats and Oils

Blue for Processed Goods

Victory Gardens Americans were encouraged to plant gardens to help support the war effort

Scrap Drives government organized scrap drives to collect certain raw materials Rubber, tin, aluminum, and steel were collected in various forms

Oil Collecting Stations Oils and fats were important to making explosives Bacon grease and meat drippings could be exchanged for extra ration coupons

The Cost of the War US Gov spent more than $300 billion during the war more money than it had spent from Washington’s administration through the end of FDR’s second term Taxes were raised this only covered 45% of the cost of the war War bonds were used to raise the rest of the money American citizens bought $50 billion Financial institutions bought $100 billion

Women and Minorities Beginning of WWII, U.S. military was completely segregated Military bases were integrated in 1943, but African Americans were still organized into their own military units About 1 million African American and nearly 350,000 Hispanic American served in the military http://www.history.com/shows/america-the-story-of-us/videos/blacks-in-the-military

350,000 women joined the armed forces, but were barred from combat Women had their own branches of services, including: Women's Army Auxiliary Corps (later the Women's Army Corps or WAC), the Women Airforce Service Pilots (WASP), and the Women Accepted for Volunteer Military Services (WAVES) About 70% of women who served in the military during WWII held traditionally "female" jobs as typists, clerks, and mail sorters

On the home front, the war produced 19 million new jobs which were increasingly filled by women and minorities. Eventually 2.5 million women went to work in factories. In 1941 FDR issued an executive order making discrimination in defense industries or the government illegal.

http://www.history.com/topics/world-war-ii/american-women-in-world-war-ii Rosie the Riveter: http://www.history.com/topics/world-war-ii/us-home-front-during-world-war-ii/videos

Crash Course World War II Part 2 - The Homefront: Crash Course US History #36 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HofnGQwPgqs

Warm Up # 3 Describe how American’s lives were changed during WW2? Think of specific Groups Minorities Women Etc.

WWII Propaganda

Article Read the top portion of the “WWII Propaganda” handout Read the article titled “Propaganda Techniques” Complete the top half of the handout

Propaganda Examples from WWII As we go through each poster: Decide which technique is being used. What’s the message? Do you think the technique is effective?

Propaganda Project Create an original piece of propaganda for WWII Must be a hand drawn by you, no tracing or copying (you may look at a picture to reference while drawing) Must be related to World War II and from the US perspective Cannot be a recreation or modification of any existing propaganda You should be encouraging people to do (or not do) something to help the war effort. Come up with a good slogan and decide how you are going to illustrate your poster. You will not be graded on artistic ability, but rather the thoughts behind your poster. Neatness and legibility will be part of your grade; so, don’t be sloppy Due Wednesday, 2/17 (directions are on the bottom of your handout)