Www.assignmentpoint.com Lecture on Minerals.

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www.assignmentpoint.com Lecture on Minerals

Minerals are naturally-occurring inorganic substances with a definite and predictable chemical composition and physical properties www.assignmentpoint.com

Classification of Minerals Metallic Ferrous Non-ferrous Precious Non-metallic Energy Minerals www.assignmentpoint.com

CLASSIFICATION OF MINERALS ENERGY METALLIC NON - METALLIC NON - FERROUS FERROUS PRECIOUS www.assignmentpoint.com

Ferrous – Iron Ore, Manganese, Nickel, Cobalt Non-ferrous – Copper, Lead, Tin, Bauxite Precious – Gold, Silver, Platinum Non-metallic – Mica, Salt, Potash, Sulphur Energy Minerals – Coal, Petroleum, Natural Gas www.assignmentpoint.com

www.assignmentpoint.com Ore A mineral or an aggregate of minerals from which a valuable constituent, especially a metal, can be profitably mined or extracted

All Minerals are Ore but All Ore are not Minerals www.assignmentpoint.com

OCCURANCE OF MINERALS Minerals generally occur in the form: www.assignmentpoint.com Minerals generally occur in the form: Igneous and Metamorphic rocks Sedimentary rocks Decomposition of surface rocks

IRON www.assignmentpoint.com Iron Ore is the basic mineral and is the backbone of Industrial development. Magnetite is the finest iron ore with a very high content of iron. Hematite ore is the most important industrial iron ore.

Metallurgy of Iron www.assignmentpoint.com Iron is found in great abundance in nature. It is highly reactive and is hardly available in free state. Iron exists in the combined form in nature in various minerals among which oxide and sulphide ores of iron are vastly used.

Most common Ores of Iron www.assignmentpoint.com Hematite Fe2O3 Limonite Fe2O3.3H2O Magnetite Fe3O4 Siderite FeCO3 Iron pyrite FeS2 Copper pyrite CuFeS2

METALLURGY Dressing of ore pulverization Concentration of ore www.assignmentpoint.com Dressing of ore pulverization Concentration of ore removal of moisture, volatile impurities converting sulphur, phosphorus into their oxides converting ferrous to ferric oxide Reduction of ore smelting

www.assignmentpoint.com BLAST FURNACE

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Manganese www.assignmentpoint.com Manganese is mainly used in the manufacturing of steel and ferro-manganese alloy, bleaching powder, insecticides and paints. Orissa is the largest producer of manganese ores in India accounting for one-third of the total production.

Pyrolusite MnO2 Hausmannite Mn2+Mn3+2O4 Rhodochrosite MnCO3 ORES OF MANGANEESE www.assignmentpoint.com Pyrolusite MnO2 Hausmannite Mn2+Mn3+2O4 Rhodochrosite MnCO3

Metallurgy of manganese www.assignmentpoint.com Dressing of ore pulverization Extraction Thermite Reaction

www.assignmentpoint.com Thermite reaction

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