Advanced Animal Science ANIMAL REPRODUCTION Advanced Animal Science

Male Anatomy Terms to know Seminiferous Tubules Interstitial Cells Sperm Testes Ejaculate Scrotum Epididymis Urethra Penis Testosterone

Terms: Sterile: can’t produce live sperm Ridgeling male in which neither testicle descends from the body cavity (hereditary trait) Cryptorchidism: one testicle does not descend from the body Sheath: tubular fold of skin that houses the penis Septum: divides the two sacs of the scrotum

Spermatic cord: house the vas deferens. What is cut during castration. Testosterone: develops and maintains accessory sex glands; stimulates secondary sexual characteristics; regulates sexual behavior and sperm production

Sigmoid Flexure: found in bulls, rams, and boars Sigmoid Flexure: found in bulls, rams, and boars. Extends the penis from the sheath Retractor Penis Muscle: helps retract the penis back into the sheath Penis: deposits the semen with in the female reproductive tract

Male Anatomy

Male Anatomy

Male Poultry Terms Vas Deferens: carry the seminal fluid and sperm cells to the cloaca Cloaca: the enlarged part where the large intestine joins the end of the alimentary canal Alimentary canal: the food-carrying passage that starts at the mouth and ends at the vent Papilla: the organ in the wall of the cloaca that puts the sperm cells into the hen’s reproductive tract

Four influences on sperm production: Frequency of ejaculation Hours of light in a day Age Testicle size

Female Anatomy Terms to know Ovaries Estrogen Progresterone Follicle Ovulation Cervix Ovum Uterus Oviducts

Placenta: attached to the endometrial lining of the uterus by tons of tiny villi; transfers blood, oxygen, and nutrition to the unborn baby

Female Anatomy

Female Anatomy

Reproductive Process Terms to know Estrous Metestrus Proestrus Estrus Diestrus

Signs of Estrus: Stand to be mounted Nervous Restless Swelling of the vulva Frequent urination Mucus discharge Mount other cattle Shake and raise tail

Other Reproductive Hormones Oxytocin: stimulates uterine contractions and milk let down Prolactin: promotes lactation and stimulates the CL Luteinizing Hormone: stimulates ovulation, CL function, secretion of progesterone and secretion of estrogen in the female Estrogen: promotes female sexual behavior, growth of the repro tract, mammary growth, and feedback control

Other Repro Hormones Oxytocin: stimulates uterine contractions and milk let down Prolactin: promotes lactation and stimulates the CL Estrogen: promotes female sexual behavior; stimulates sexual characteristics; growth of reproductive tract; mammary growth; feedback control