Question of the Day Answer one of the following questions: What is a highlight or lowlight from your break? What is the best gift that you received? What was the best gift that you gave? What is goal or resolution that you have for the new year? What is the best thing that you ate over the break?

The Power of Persuasion Speech Number Four

Learning Targets Objectives: to understand the basic elements of persuasion To incorporate persuasive techniques in a 1-2 minute group speech / game

Persuasive speaking There are 3 main purposes To attempt to change beliefs To attempt to change behavior To attempt to prove a fact to be true

Aristotle cited 3 persuasive forces Ethos ethics – sense of right or wrong Logos logic – it makes sense Pathos emotions – it leads you to feel strongly

Ethos: Ethical Appeals Ethical Arguments “Isn’t it fair that. . “ “Should we be able to. . .” “It’s right that. . .” Demonstrates that the author is credible and worth listening to. Credibility of speaker leads to ethical trust. Experience Education Respect Ethos can be developed by: Present information as right v. wrong choosing audience appropriate language and topic making yourself sound fair or unbiased

Pathos: Emotional Appeals Designed to emotionally pull the heartstrings of audience into agreeing with the speaker. “Remember the child going to bed hungry tonight. . .” “The screech of tires brought terror to her, causing her heart to race.” Inviting the audience to feel what the speaker feels Drawing pity, anger, or prompting action Pathos can be developed by using: emotional tone personal examples meaningful language

Logos: Logical Arguments Convincing an audience using Facts Statistics Analogies Examples Citing experts on a subject The research component of your speech Logical Language: “It makes sense that. . .” “Research shows that. . .”

Which appeals to YOU most strongly? Appeals Triangle Pathos Logos Ethos Which appeals to YOU most strongly?

Why do the appeals matter? You will never know if audience members are more convinced by pathos, logos, or ethos --- so you need to include all three when persuading.

PROBLEM: TOO MANY DEER ON ROADS (Which Appeal?) One evening at dusk, after a gorgeous afternoon of hiking through the woods with my two small children, we were driving back to Lanesboro. Three deer abruptly leaped out of the ditch and into the road. While I was slamming on the brakes and fishtailing into the ditch, my little girl began screaming. One deer stayed in the road, watching us placidly, then slowly moved on. If my reaction time had been any slower, we would have hit the deer, and possibly gotten into a severe car wreck. My child was so upset she continued her inconsolable crying for fifteen more minutes. Her tears upset me, and helped me realize something needed to be done. Pathos: Emotional Appeal

PROBLEM: TOO MANY DEER ON THE ROADS Each year, on Highway 8 between Lanesboro and Fountain, an average of 58 deer cause automobile accidents – that’s too many. Logos: Logical Appeal

PROBLEM: TOO MANY DEER ON THE ROADS Is it right that we value the life of wildlife more than humans? Sure, they were there first, but in the world of practical roads and cars, would you rather see one of hundreds of deer killed or my children killed? Ethos: Ethical Appeal

Let’s see who is more persuasive! Listen to these 2 sample speeches. Background: Your school board has decided to take away the school’s student lounge. As Student Council members, these students have prepared speeches to convince the school board to leave this space as a student lounge. Who would you send to represent the student body at the school board meeting?

Presenter #1 I really don’t think it is fair to get rid of the student lounge in our high school. We need it. It’s a nice place to rest and meet people. I eat my lunch there and find it much more aesthetic than the cafeteria. It even smells better. The students take good care of the lounge and haven’t damaged it. I ask you, the school board members, to keep the student lounge the way it is.

Presenter #2 The student lounge services an average of 75 student during every lunch period according to a poll taken by the Student Voice, our school newspaper. The survey also shows that the cafeteria would be overloaded if the lounge were closed. There would not be enough room to accommodate the additional students. Our assistant principal, Mr. Walker, spoke at a recent parents’ meeting about the lounge saying, “I really feel that these students benefit from the social atmosphere and lower noise levels in the lounge. It is a much more pleasant place than the cafeteria, and a place where students can relieve tensions and relax.” Finally, a survey of other high schools in the county indicate that every school in the county has a student lounge. Please re-consider; let us, the students, keep our lounge.

Who would you send? Who is more persuasive? Why? What types of information (statistics, stories, etc) contributed to the authority of the speaker you selected? What appeals contributed to the persuasiveness of the speaker you selected?

Persuasive Ads Dove Body Wash Doritos Superbowl Commercial

TV Ads As we watch the following ads, write down examples of each that you see. Can you come to any conclusions about the different persuasive appeals? Ethos Pathos Logos

Now you try it: Snake Oil Style In a group of three or four go up to the front of the room The class will act as a customer, and you will have to come up with an object that we need Create a 30 second sales pitch for your object, trying to incorporate Aristotle’s persuasive appeals After each person has pitched his / her object, we will vote as a class whose object we think we need most http://www.theboardgamefamily.com/2012/1 2/snake-oil-party-game-review/

Day 6 – persuasive speaking Objectives: to understand the basic elements of persuasion To incorporate persuasive techniques in a 1-2 minute speech

How do the experts do it? Listen to Elizabeth Glaser’s speech http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches /elizabethglaser1992dnc.htm Ethos? Pathos? Logos? Now it’s your turn. Join your group. Finalize your persuasive techniques. Practice. Present.

Who did you choose? Who is more persuasive? Why? What types of information contributed to the authority of the speaker you selected? What forces contributed to the persuasiveness of the speaker you selected?