Climate footprints of hydrogen for transport end use
Reducing global transport greenhouse gas emissions will be challenging…unless transport emissions can be strongly decoupled from GDP growth (high confidence).(SPM 4.2.3) Figure 8.1 CH8 WGIII AR5 Figure 6.1 CH6 WGIII AR5: Global baseline projection ranges for Kaya factors. Panel a & b
Median AR5 results from IAMs suggest global average energy efficiency for passenger transport must come down to 60% and fuel carbon intensity to come down to 25% of current level. Figure 8.1 IPCC CH8 WGIII AR5
AR6 Cycle results indicate a need for significant improvements in energy efficiency and reductions in fuel GHG intensity Figure 6, Top Panel - in Edelenbosch et.al 2016 Transportation Research Part D
Median results for 2 deg scenarios from AR5 IAMs suggest following ca 10% Fossil Fuels and Biofuels, 20% electricity and 25% Hydrogen in 2100. Figure 8.12 IPCC CH8 WGIII AR5
Mitigation results for 2100 are all less than 40% fossil fuel in 2010 Mitigation results for 2100 are all less than 40% fossil fuel in 2010. Many models yield 20-40% Biofuels and some models yield very high shares of Electricity/Hydrogen. Baseline Mitigation High Electric High Bio High Fossil Figure 6, Bottom Panel - in Edelenbosch et.al 2016 Transportation Research Part D
Vehicle Production impacts also relevant for FCVs Vehicle Production impacts also relevant for FCVs. Impacts from production of Hydrogen obviously important. Global Warming Current tech. FCV – SMR ICE Gasoline FCV – Elec.sys UTCE FCV – Elec.sys REN
Hydrogen & Fuels from biomass with CCS
NTNU Industrial Ecology