Plumbing Systems

Student Learning Objectives Identify plumbing cutting tools Identify and select pipe Understand types of piping tubing and fittings

What is Plumbing Plumbing means installing and repairing water pipes and fixtures. Includes pipes for handling

Pipe Terms Pipe refers to rigid tube-like material. Fittings are parts used to connect pipe or other objects. Tubing refers to pipe that is flexible enough to bend.

Tools for Cutting Plumbing Tools useful for holding pipe and fittings are the bench yoke vise, chain wrench and pipe wrench Cutting tools include hacksaw, file, pipe cutter, and tube cutters.

Student Learning Objectives Identify plumbing cutting tools Identify and select pipe Understand types of piping tubing and fittings

Selecting Pipe Nominal (identifying) size is generally based on the inside diameter. Inside diameter is ID and outside diameter is listed as OD Common sizes are 1/4, 3/8, 1/2, 3/4,& 1”

Steel Pipe Steel pipe can be purchased as black pipe or galvanized pipe. This pipe is used very little now and has been replaced by copper and plastic. It is expensive and does not last as long as the others.

Copper Pipe Pipe made of copper is frequently referred to as tubing.

Copper Pipe Copper is frequently preferred to steel for water lines because it is: Corrosive resistant Easy to handle Has been known to withstand freezing without breaking.

Disadvantages of Copper Pipe High initial cost High degree of expansion Bad taste created if water is acidic Can also leave green stains in sinks

Flaring Flexible copper tubing can be joined by flaring the ends and connecting with bell type fittings. Bell type fittings are used to create a gas- or liquid-tight seal

Plastic Pipe Plastic pipe is used extensively in potable water systems. This is the easiest pipe to install

Plastic Pipe Mostly has been used for cold-water lines Recently has been coded for hot-water

Polyethylene (PE) Polyethylene pipe has been used for many decades for cold-water lines. It is black, somewhat flexible and comes in rolls

Polyethylene (PE) PE is assembled by pushing the pipe over grooved section of fitting and secured using a rustproof stainless steel clamp It can be easily removed using a hacksaw

PVC and CPVC Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) and Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride (CPVC) are rigid and usual gray or white in appearance. PVC = Cold water CPVC= Hot water

PVC PVC is quite easy to install Has many uses for draining toilets, tubs and sinks. Assembled using liquid cement

Acrylonitrate-butadiene-stryrene (ABS) Used for underground applications such as sewage disposal. Tests seem to indicate it will last almost indefinitely.

Student Learning Objectives Identify plumbing cutting tools Identify and select pipe Understand types of piping tubing and fittings

Pipe Fittings Pipe fittings are used to connect pipe to other pipe. Knowing each connection type will help you determine what you need for a project.

Pipe Fittings Connecting different types of pipe are adapters. Bushings and reducers connect different size pipe.

Pipe Fittings Elbow is where flow changes direction Tee is where flow splits into two directions

Pipe Fittings Coupling connects like pieces of pipe. Cap is closing a pipe end.

Connecting Steel Pipe Short ends of steel pipe are hard to thread on job so they come threaded. Teflon tape is needed to make a watertight and gastight seal.

Student Learning Objectives Identify plumbing cutting tools Identify and select pipe Understand types of piping tubing and fittings

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