Interest Groups.

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Presentation transcript:

Interest Groups

Interest Groups- Key Concepts Interest groups have become the most vital and effective form of political expression for citizens trying to shape government decisions Interest group activity does not necessarily equal democracy The growth of government programs has spurred the growth of groups Interest groups follow many strategies aside from lobbying to shape government decisions

Terms Majoritarianism – individuals matter – rule by a majority Pluralism – population too large – group identity more important/association with groups that represent your views Interest group v Political party v Political movement

Groups in America Special interest group (SIG): any formally organized association that seeks to influence public policy Political movement: an organized constellation of groups seeking wide-ranging social change

Groups in America Why are “groups” important? Shift from relevance of the individual (majoritarianism) to relevance of the group (pluralism) Political movements throughout US history (social movements) – examples: abolitionist movement, suffrage movement, civil rights movement)

Groups in America Difference between SIGS and political movements - SIGS work within the political process – attempt to influence and affect policy. Political movements work outside the political process – often feel alienated from political process

Categories/Examples Business (auto industry/oil producers) Agricultural (corporate associations) Labor (AFL-CIO/teachers unions) Professional (AMA, ABA) Public Interest (Common Cause, UCS) Ideological (People for the American Way – liberal/Christian Coalition – conservative) Public-Sector (League of Cities)

Groups in America Tactics Lobbying most effective – direct influence Washington DC (Congress/Executive branch) 80,000 lobbyists lobbyists as experts Nevada (Legislature/Executive branch) 900 register each legislative session

Groups in America Attempts to regulate SIGs: Limits on lobbyists Political Action Committees (PAC) – “soft money” limits Rise of “527C” groups – and now “501C (4)s”?

Groups in America Summary SIGs are very powerful and influential Certain set of SIGs always seem to have influence – the powerful 50 Others gain/lose power depending on party in power/promises made during campaigns/issues that gain favor in public opinion