Welcome to Business 86 Medical Terminology INTRODUCTION Instructor: Janet Gower R.N. Los Medanos College jgowerlmc@gmail.com (jggower@aol.com- Insite portal)

Medical Terminology Syllabus 1. Introduction 2. Pretest Complete the pretest without looking up the answers. This should be completed for homework. Please don’t forget to let me know why you are taking this class. 3. Course Outline Description Content Evaluation Text and materials required Recommended materials

Class Schedule Review of the schedule Calendar-Dates

Why do Health Care Providers Learn Medical Language? TAH c BSO __

TOTAL ABDOMINAL HYSTERECTOMY WITH BILATERAL SALPINGO-OOPHORECTOMY

TOTAL REMOVAL OF THE UTERUS, BOTH FALLOPIAN TUBES AND BOTH OVARIES

Lesson #1 Take out your book-How to use the book- Appendicies A-G, Index, the last page and inside cover Chapter 1,Basic Elements of a Medical Word-Lecture pages 2-12 Flashcard instruction and other memorization techniques

Elements of a medical word- Specialized vocabulary used by health care providers Medical words composed of word elements, also known as word parts, and consisting of some or all of the following elements: Word root (WR) Combining form (CF) Suffix Prefix

Word Root (WR) 1 Foundation of the word that contains its main meaning Usually from Latin or Greek language At least one word root in most medical words

Examples of words with roots hepat in hepat/itis tonsill in tonsill/ectomy gastr in gastr/oma laryng in laryng/itis

2 Combining Form (CF) Created when a word root is combined with a vowel, known as a combining vowel Combining vowel usually an o, but sometimes an i or an e Difficulty pronouncing certain combinations of word roots requires insertion of a vowel No meaning of its own, but a combining vowel enables two or more word elements to be connected

Examples of words with CFs mamm/o in mamm/o/gram psych/o in psych/o/logy laryng/o in laryng/o/spasm hepat/o in hepat/o/megaly

Suffix 3 Word element at the end of a word Changes the meaning of a medical word Contained in most medical words Usually an indication of a pathology, condition, symptom, therapeutic or diagnostic procedure, or part of speech

Examples of words with suffixes -ectomy in append/ectomy -itis in appendic/itis -oma in neur/oma -tomy in crani/o/tomy -scope in gastr/o/scope -oma in gastr/oma

Prefix 4 Word element at the beginning of a word Many the same as those used in the English language Changes the meaning of a medical word Not contained in all medical words Usually an indication of a number, time, position, measurement, direction, or negation

Examples of words with prefixes hyper- in hyper/tension hemi- in hemi/plegia epi- in epi/derm/al post- in post/nat/al inter- in inter/cost/al

Three rules for building medical words Rule 1: A WR links a suffix that begins with a vowel. Rule 2: A CF links a suffix that begins with a consonant. Rule 3: A CF links a root to another root to form a compound word. Rule 3 holds true even if the next root begins with a vowel, as in gastr/o/intestin/al.

Determine which of the three rules for building medical words applies to the following terms. arthr/itis gastr/o/intestin/al hepat/o/cyte

arthr/itis — Rule 1: A root links a suffix that begins with a vowel. gastr/o/intestin/al — Rule 3: A CF links a root to another root to form a compound word; a root links a suffix that begins with a vowel. hepat/o/cyte — Rule 2: A CF links a suffix that begins with a consonant.

Three steps for defining medical words Define the suffix first. Define the first part of the word (WR, CF, or prefix). Define the middle part of the word (WR or CF).

Examples gastr/itis: oste/o/arthr/itis: poly/neur/itis:

gastr/itis: inflammation of the stomach oste/o/arthr/itis: inflammation of the bone and joint poly/neur/itis: inflammation of many nerves

Diacritical marks and capitalization used to aid pronunciation of terms throughout the text and to help you understand pronunciation marks used in most dictionaries Pronunciation guidelines are located on the inside back cover of the textbook

Syllabus-Worksheet #1 page 7 1. What is a suffix? 2. Give an example of a word root. 3. Give an example of a combining form 4. -Algia is an example of a__________ and means__________. 5. Give an example of a prefix___________. 6. Define the suffixes and prefixes, denote whether the element is a suffix or a prefix (use your book) Examples: -dynia-S, pain hyper- (P) excessive

Worksheet # 1 continued- page 7 -ectasis -scopy -tomy hypo- -rrhea dys- intra- sub- poly- -itis -plasty -megaly -osis -centesis -ectomy -malacia -graphy -stenosis -stomy -al

Flashcard Instruction Side One Side Two -centesis surgical puncture

Another way to memorize- - centesis Puncture -ectomy Excision, removal -tome Instrument to cut -tomy Incision, cut into -stomy Forming an opening

Cover up the right side - centesis -ectomy -tome -tomy -stomy

Write the answers - centesis puncture -ectomy -tome -tomy -stomy

Extra Words for Flashcards (make flashcards for these elements from pg. 8 syllabus)   later/o side melan/o black cirrh/o yellow hydr/o water hidr/o sweat erythr/o red chlor/o green cyan/o blue leuk/o white purpur/o purple dextr/o right sinistr/o left scler/o hardening ventr/o belly side, front dors/o back side, back ambi- both sides -poiesis formation, growth -philia attraction -oid resembling -ultra excessive, beyond -para to bear offspring -paresis partial paralysis

Abbreviation Set 1 1. CBC- complete blood count 2. UA- urinalysis 3. STAT- immediately 4. p.r.n.- as needed, as required 5. ABG- arterial blood gases 6. bid- two times a day 7. tid- three times a day 8. hs- hours of sleep, bed time

9. p- after 10. a- before 11. pc- after meals 12. ac- before meals 13. c- with 14. s- without 15. ADL- activities of daily living NOTE: q, qod, qid, qd are abbreviations that in some hospitals are being deleted due to the confusion they can cause

Term Plus CD provided with your book Student Instruction

www.engrade.com Student Evaluation

www.fadavis.com On-line Resources Student Instruction

Homework #1 Check Class Schedule Complete (if not completed in class) pages 7, 10-12 (syllabus) Complete all activities for chapter one pages 7-12 (book) Make flashcards for suffixes-book pages 15-21and pg. 8 extra words- syllabus Read pages 14-21 (book) Term Plus CD- Surgical Suffixes (print results) www.fadavis.com study questions for chapter 1-book Access www.engrade.com account Questions? PLEASE NOTE: EMAIL ADDRESS jggower@aol.com is linked to LMC Insite Portal

Medical Language Lab