Motivations and Introduction to MultiMat Experiment in HiRadMat 08.09.2011 Motivations and Introduction to MultiMat Experiment in HiRadMat A. Bertarelli (EN/MME) on behalf of the MultiMat Experiment Team 2nd HL-LHC Collimation Design Meeting 12 May, 2016

Motivations and Objectives for HiRadMat Impact Tests Introduction Explore and determine consequences of Failure Scenarios affecting machine performance for LHC Run 2, Run 3 and HL-LHC: Requirements for the Collimation System to be addressed (from Run1 to HL-LHC): Demonstrate the viability of a low-impedance collimator solution (long-standing limitation on intensity reach, amplified by HL-LHC settings) Mitigate/remove TCT robustness limit that affected operational choices of beta* and optics of present machine Re-assess robustness of present carbon-based design (TCS and TCP) against injection failures with smaller emittances Failure Scenario Beam Type Beam Energy [TeV] Intensity Deposit. [p+] Beam Emittance [m] RMS beam size [mm] Injection Error LHC Ultimate 0.45 4.9e13 3.5 1 Run 2 BCMS 3.7e13 1.3 0.61 HL-LHC 6.6e13 2.1 0.77 LIU BCMS 5.8e13 Asynchronous Beam Dump BCMS Run 2 7 1.3e11 ~0.5 2.3e11 ~0.6 Alessandro Bertarelli

History of Collimation Impact Tests Introduction 2004: full TCSG collimator in TT40 (CFC + Graphite blocks) Block material ok, but unacceptable deformation found on Cu jaw support! Cu back-plate was then changed to Glidcop. 2006: full TCSG collimator in TT40 (CFC) Validated final TCP/TCS design! 2012 HRMT-09: full TCT collimator (Tungsten alloy) in HiRadMat Allowed deriving damage limits for Tertiary Collimator jaw 2012 HRMT-14: test of specimens from 6 different materials, including novel composites Materials characterization, constitutive models and simulation benchmarking 2016 HRMT-23: 3 full jaws (1 TCSG C/C + 2 new TCSPM MoGr and CuCD) Validated TCSPM with MoGr against HL-LHC density; confirmed C/C robustness with HL-LHC; validated CuCD robustness as TCT alternative; confirmed Glidcop tapering limits in deep accident. Alessandro Bertarelli

HRMT-23: Post-irradiation visual inspection HRMT-23 Experiment (Jaws) TCSPM jaw (MoGr) TCSPM jaw (CuCD) TCSP Jaw (C/C) TCSP tapering (Glidcop) Alessandro Bertarelli

Goals of the MultiMat Experiment Offer a platform to test in one experiment samples of a large palette of materials (including coatings, layered materials, foams etc.) with little known constitutive equations under high brightness beams (comparable to HL-LHC and LIU/BCMS). Monitor behaviour of components (sensors, electronic devices, beam diagnostics, microphones etc.) in close vicinity of high intensity beams. Benchmark complex numerical simulations Acquire online material response and derive / confirm constitutive models (to be reused in simulating full scale devices) Experiment expected by summer 2017. “By design” this experiment lends itself to be used beyond HL-LHC Collimation Project, such as test of materials for FCC (e.g. carbon foams, silicon …) and other devices for HL-LHC Alessandro Bertarelli

MultiMat Design Principles MultiMat Experiment Single vessel hosting 16 individual target stations. Each target station equipped with several specimens, Specimens of easily manufacturable geometry (slender bars) to generate simple wave patterns, easier to acquire and benchmark. Possibility to vary cross-section and length of specimens. One or more target stations dedicated to electronic devices to be tested. Inert gas convection cooling (to reduce waiting time between shots) Acquisition system derived/recycled from HRMT-23 and HRMT-14. Alessandro Bertarelli

Tentative List of Materials and Equipment MultiMat Experiment Provisional list of materials, to be discussed and revised also taking into account available data and information collected in other experiments (e.g. HRMT-27 for high-Z materials or HRMT-28 for certain C grades) and foreseen work in the frame of FCC Work-packages. MG-6530Aa. Same MoGr grade tested in HRMT-23 for comparison and benchmarking MG-6403Fc. MoGr grade proposed for the TCSPM prototype to be installed in LHC for MD, early 2017 MoGr grades coated with pure Mo, Cu, TiN and TiB2 CuCD. Grade tested in HRMT-23. Complete / extend materials constitutive equation WLa heavy alloy. Possible alternative materials for tertiary collimators and absorbers. Alternative to Inermet. IT180 heavy alloy. Present material for TCT and TCL. Possible material for TCLD. Pure Mo. TZM alloy. Alternative to Molybdenum (if necessary after HRMT-27) AC150K (2D C/C). Present baseline for primary and secondary LHC Collimators. 3D CC to be defined (cross-check with HRMT-28 experiments). Graphite grades to be defined. Silicon. For possible use in second/tertiary stages of FCC absorbers. In the frame of MME/STI joint Carbon Foam. For possible use in FCC for primary stages. Position sensors from Huddersfield University. Microphones … Reserve slot for other materials or equipment Alessandro Bertarelli

Tentative Timel MultiMat Experiment Provisional list of materials, to be discussed and revised also taking into account available data and information collected in other experiments (e.g. HRMT-27 for high-Z materials or HRMT-28 for certain C grades) and foreseen work in the frame of FCC Work-packages. MG-6530Aa. Same MoGr grade tested in HRMT-23 for comparison and benchmarking MG-6403Fc. MoGr grade proposed for the TCSPM prototype to be installed in LHC for MD, early 2017 MoGr grades coated with pure Mo, Cu, TiN and TiB2 CuCD. Grade tested in HRMT-23. Complete / extend materials constitutive equation WLa heavy alloy. Possible alternative materials for tertiary collimators and absorbers. Alternative to Inermet. IT180 heavy alloy. Present material for TCT and TCL. Possible material for TCLD. Pure Mo. TZM alloy. Alternative to Molybdenum (if necessary after HRMT-27) AC150K (2D C/C). Present baseline for primary and secondary LHC Collimators. 3D CC to be defined (cross-check with HRMT-28 experiments). Graphite grades to be defined. Silicon. For possible use in second/tertiary stages of FCC absorbers. In the frame of MME/STI joint Carbon Foam. For possible use in FCC for primary stages. Position sensors from Huddersfield University. Microphones … Reserve slot for other materials or equipment Alessandro Bertarelli

The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Commission under the FP7 Research Infrastructures project EuCARD-2, Grant Agreement 312453 and HiLumi LHC Design Study, Grant Agreement 284404. alessandro.bertarelli@cern.ch