Objectives Properties and Changes in Matter Be able to list physical and chemical properties Be able to determine if it is a physical or chemical change

Physical Change Physical properties can be observed or measured without changing the composition of matter. Physical properties are used to observe and describe matter. Physical properties include: appearance, texture, color, odor, melting point, boiling point, density, solubility, polarity, and many others.

Types of Physical Properties Extensive: Size does matter and will change the result. Volume Mass Intensive: Size does not matter or amount this will remain the same. Density Temperature Color

Chemical Properties The ability of a substance to undergo a chemical change. Example: Rusting Burning Chemical Reaction

Properties of matter: Physical change - a change where new kinds of matter are not formed. No change in chemical formula Examples: Boiling Cutting Breaking

Phase Change Deposition

Physical Change IT IS A PHYSICAL CHANGE BECAUSE 1. ITS SIZE CHANGED. 2. ITS SHAPE CHANGED. 3. IT IS A PHASE CHANGE: FREEZING, MELTING, BOILING, SUBLIMING, EVAPORATING, OR CONDENSATION.

Phase Diagrams Phase diagram – graph of pressure versus temperature that shows the condition required for a specific substance to undergo a phase change Triple point – represents the temperature and pressure at which three phases of a substance can coexist Critical point- max pressure and temperature the substance can exist as a liquid C. Johannesson

Phase Diagrams - Water

What physical changes can happen to a paper clip?

Properties of matter: Chemical change - a change where new kinds of matter are formed. Atoms are rearranged. Examples: Combustion Baking Rusting

Chemical Change IT IS A CHEMICAL CHANGE BECAUSE 1. A PRECIPITATE FORMED. 2. IT CHANGED COLOR 3. A GAS IS PRODUCED.(BUBBLING) 4. A TEMPERATURE CHANGE OCCURRED. 5. ODOR CHANGE 6. LIGHT PRODUCED.

Physical vs Chemical Properties?

Fossil fuels are flammable. chemical property

Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius. Physical property (intensive)

Physical property (extensive) It takes 200 calories of heat to raise the temperature of 100 mL of water 2 oC. Physical property (extensive)

Diamonds are hard enough to cut glass. Physical property (intensive)

Tungsten filament glows in Argon“atmosphere” physical property (intensive)

Tungsten filament burns in air. chemical property

Sugar is capable of dissolving in water. Physical property (intensive)

100 mL of 5 % sugar water solution has a mass of 112 grams. Physical property (extensive)

Methane gas is flammable. chemical property

oil is less dense than water Physical property (intensive) oil

Physical property (intensive) Ammonia produces vaporous fumes at room temperature (low temperature of vaporization) Physical property (intensive)

Bromine has a red color. red Physical property (intensive)

wax melting Physical change

a candle burning Chemical change

Glass breaks Physical change

sea water drying up to leave a residue of salt Physical change

Sugar can be easily decomposed by heating. Chemical change

Sodium metal explodes when placed in water. Chemical change

Gallium metal melting in a warm room Physical change

The compound water can be separated by electrolysis into the elements hydrogen and oxygen. chemical change

Vinegar will react with baking soda. Vinegar and baking soda chemical change

Burning a match Chemical change

Yeast acts on sugar to form carbon dioxide and ethanol. chemical change Yeast and sugar carbon dioxide and ethanol

Eating and digesting an apple Chemical change

Baking bread Chemical change

Water is heated and changed to steam. Physical change

Lemon juice turnes blue litmus paper red Chemical change

A nail rusting Chemical change

alcohol burning Chemical change

Dry ice goes from a solid to a gaseous form of carbon dioxide Physical change