The association of antipsychotic medication and lithium with brain measures in patients with bipolar disorder Lucija Abramovic, Marco P.M. Boks, Annabel.

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The association of antipsychotic medication and lithium with brain measures in patients with bipolar disorder Lucija Abramovic, Marco P.M. Boks, Annabel Vreeker, Diandra C. Bouter, Caitlyn Kruiper, Sanne Verkooijen, Annet H. van Bergen, Roel A. Ophoff, René S. Kahn, Neeltje E.M. van Haren European Neuropsychopharmacology Volume 26, Issue 11, Pages 1741-1751 (November 2016) DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2016.09.371 Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. and ECNP Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Between-group differences in cortical thickness in bipolar type 1 patients (N=266) and healthy controls (N=171) after FDR correction, overlaid on an inflated average brain. Statistical maps depict reductions in patients compared with controls, increases in Li+ patients (N=175) compared with Li− patients (N=91), reductions in Li− and Li+ patients compared with controls and reductions m AP+ patients (N=114) compared with AP− patients (N=134) Results were shown with thresholds between log10 p=3 13 and log10 p=5 21 as appropriate per analyses. European Neuropsychopharmacology 2016 26, 1741-1751DOI: (10.1016/j.euroneuro.2016.09.371) Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. and ECNP Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Comparison of subcortical brain structures in Li− (N=91) and Li+ (N=175) patients with bipolar disorder and controls (N=171) Uncorrected means are shown for volumes of the total brain, grey and white matter, lateral and third ventricles thalamus, putamen, hippocampus, caudate, pallidum, amygdala and accumbens. European Neuropsychopharmacology 2016 26, 1741-1751DOI: (10.1016/j.euroneuro.2016.09.371) Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. and ECNP Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 Comparison of subcortical brain structures in patients on (Ν=114) and not on antipsychotice (N=134) and controls (Ν=171) Uncorrected means are shown for volumes of the thalamus, putamen, hippocampus, caudate, pallidum, amygdala and accumbens. European Neuropsychopharmacology 2016 26, 1741-1751DOI: (10.1016/j.euroneuro.2016.09.371) Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. and ECNP Terms and Conditions