Chapter 9 section 4 War of 1812

1809: James Madison took office, and tension was high with British Move toward war 1809: James Madison took office, and tension was high with British British were arming Native Americans and impressment of US sailors 1810: Henry Clay (KY) and John C. Calhoun (SC) became leaders of House of Representatives  Wanted to go to war with Britain New England did not want war because it would hurt trade June 1812: War begins with British

British still at war in Europe Early days of war British still at war in Europe They said they were arming Native Americans because they wanted to protect Canada US not prepared for war  Jefferson’s cuts weakened military British blocked all US ports

War in the west and south US wanted to invade Canada  thought they would want to be apart from British rule US invaded thru Detroit, but retreated because Hull thought he had too few men  Gen. Brock of Canada surrounded US and made them surrender US did better on Lake Erie  Battle of Put-In-Bay  Oliver Hazard Perry switched ships and kept fighting, and won British were forced to leave Detroit and go back to Canada  Gen. Harrison followed and attacked (Battle of Thames)  US won, and Tecumseh was killed in battle

1814: British defeated Napoleon Final battles 1814: British defeated Napoleon British strategy was to attack Washington DC Aug. 1814: British marched to Washington DC and set fire to gov’t buildings, including The White House British then moved to Baltimore and attacked Fort McHenry, who were the defenders of the harbor  US kept off attack Francis Scott Key watched attack in Baltimore, was inspired, and wrote poem “Star Spangled Banner”  National Anthem in 1913

1814: British grew tired of fighting Final battles 1814: British grew tired of fighting The Treaty of Ghent ended war (signed in Ghent, Belgium) In US, there was opposition to war from the start Federalists thought President Madison rushed into war New Englanders were upset because the blockage badly damaged ports and trade Federalists got together at Hartford Convention (Hartford, CT) to discuss seperating from US  They found out about Treaty of Ghent and the end of war  Stopped talks and cancelled convention War of 1812: “Second War of Independence”  Independence from Britain and France, and was looked at seriously by other countries

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