S I Engines as Automotive Prime Movers & Clues for Improvements

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Presentation transcript:

S I Engines as Automotive Prime Movers & Clues for Improvements P M V Subbarao Professor Mechanical Engineering Department Future Direction for Better Performance !!!

The Type of Prime Mover for Light Vehicle Sales in Two Decades Clues for Improvements: Identification and use of alternate fuels. Reduction of losses. Down sizing of engine. Lowering of emissions. Implementation of New Geometric and Kinematic Models

Otto’s Engine Cycle vs Thermodynamic Model Intake Stroke FUEL Ignition Power Stroke Combustion Products Exhaust Stroke Fuel/Air Mixture Compression Stroke Actual Cycle TC Qin Qout BC Const volume heat rejection Process Air Compression Process Expansion Process Otto Cycle Const volume heat addition Process

Air-Standard Otto cycle Process 1 2 Isentropic compression Process 2  3 Constant volume heat addition Process 3  4 Isentropic expansion Process 4  1 Constant volume heat rejection Compression ratio: Qin Qout v2 TC v1 BC TC BC

Effect of Compression Ratio on Thermal Efficiency Present SI engines 7 < r < 11 Ignition Power Stroke k = 1.4 Spark ignition engine compression ratio limited by T3 (auto-ignition) and P3 (material strength), both ~rk For r = 8 the efficiency is 56% which is twice the actual indicated value

Total Time Available ~ 10 msec Actual SI Engine cycle Total Time Available ~ 10 msec Ignition

Audi launches next-gen A4 with new Millerized TFSI engine; g-tron model w/ Audi e-gas 29 June 2015 The new A4 is the launch vehicle for the new high-efficiency 2.0L Turbocharged Fule Stratified Injection based on Miller cycle. The new models deliver CO2 emissions as low as 95 grams per kilometer. TFSI engin delivering maximum power of between 140 kW . Compared with the previous model, their fuel consumption has been reduced by up to 21%, while their power output has increased by up to 25% The new A4 Sedan has the best drag coefficient in its class at 0.23. Its weight has been reduced by up to 120 kilograms, depending on the engine. The body of the new Audi models is one of the lightest in its class due to an intelligent material mix and lightweight construction.

Audi A4 2.0 TFSI ultra (140kW) Engine Engine type 4-cylinder inline spark-ignition engine with gasoline direct injection, exhaust turbocharger and Audi valve lift system. Miller cycle Compression ratio : 11.7:1 Air-fuel Mixture preparation : Sequential high-pressure direct and multipoint manifold injection Adaptive idle-charge control, overrun fuel cut-off, adaptive lambda control; Cylinder-selective adaptive knock control….

Millirization of Engine