Muscle and Nerve Tissues A&P- BIO 1110

Muscle Tissue Muscle tissue is responsible for movement of the body or the movement of materials through the body. Gross movement- Movement of the body such as running and walking Transport movement- Movement of materials throughout the body such as food through the digestive tract.

Skeletal Muscle Skeletal muscle is named for its location. It is attached to bones of the skeleton. Made of long cells called muscle fibers that attach to bones by connective tissue (tendon). Do you remember what kind of connective tissue? Muscle fibers in skeletal muscle are multinucleated. The muscle fibers are cylindrically shaped. Proteins within cells are organized creating striations (alternating light and dark bands).

Skeletal Muscle

Smooth Muscle Smooth muscle lines hollow internal structures such as blood vessels, airways to the lungs, the stomach, intestines, and bladder. It constricts blood vessels, physically breaks down and moves food and moves fluid through the body. Smooth muscle tissue is not striated. The cells of smooth muscle have 1 nucleus. The cells are long with tapered ends.

Smooth Muscle

Cardiac Muscle Cardiac muscle makes up the wall of the heart. Cardiac tissue is striated. Cardiac muscle fibers are y-branched and have 1 nucleus. Cardiac muscle fibers are attached end to end by thickened membranes called intercalated disks.

Cardiac Muscle intercalated disk nucleus striations

Skeletal Tissue

Smooth Muscle Tissue

Cardiac Muscle Tissue

Nervous Tissue Nervous tissue is specially designed to generate and transmit electric impulses. Neurons: The functional cell of the nervous system. Sensitive to stimuli Consist of a central body with extensions coming off of it. Neuroglial cells: Cells that are used to support neurons. Smaller and more numerous than neurons. Cannot transmit electrical impulses.

Neuron structure

Nervous Tissue