THE PROFESSION OF COUNSELING: HISTORY AND TRENDS CHAPTER 1

THINK ABOUT: What is professional counseling? What happens in counseling? Who are clients that counselors serve? Where do they come from, and what do they come to counseling for? What do you think our current trends of the field of counseling?

IN-CLASS ACTIVITY Break into groups of 4-5 people. Your group should create a list of: Professions, careers, and jobs in which counselors work What types of clients that counselors serve. What professional degrees an individual needs to perform counseling. Class Discussion of your lists.

HISTORY 1900-1920 The Beginning Who was Frank Parsons? The use of the self-inventory. Using Parsons work: the Boston school system.

HISTORY 1920-1940 The Early Years What was the “testing movement?” What happened during this time? How did this movement influence World War I? The incorporation of guidance centers into schools. Introduction of child guidance clinics. Who was Carl Rogers?

HISTORY 1940-1960 Carl Rogers and “Client-Centered Therapy” What are the basic ideas of his approach? Rogers’ theory marked emergence of professional counseling. Deinstitutionalization Public attention toward the mentally ill. How did psychopharmacological treatment play a role during this period of counseling’s history?

HISTORY 1960-1980 What was the CHMC Act? How do you think such an act shifted counselors’ professional responsibilities? Counseling spreads to schools and college campuses. Professional Associations in counseling develop What was the “human potential movement?” Why was it important? 7

HISTORY 1980-2000 More theories, return of older theories. Managed care plays an increasing role. Introduction of the Internet to counseling. 8

LET’S TALK ABOUT IT…. What do you think are obstacles and challenges that counselors of today face? How do you think technology can help counseling? How do you think it can hinder or harm counselors’ work? How do you think that culture and diversity impact the current work that counselors do?