Acids and Bases.

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Presentation transcript:

Acids and Bases

Acids and Bases Acids release H+ ions Bases release OH- ions

Bases Bases are ionic compounds which means they are composed of a metal and non-metal. A base can be formed when a metal is mixed with water. Ex. Na + H2O  NaOH + H2

Acids Acids are molecular compounds because they contain 2 or more non-metals. Acids can be formed when certain molecular gases mix with water Ex. CO2 + H2O  H2CO3

Lets explore their properties…. Complete the Lab!!

Properties of acids and bases Acids and bases can be classified by their properties.

Naming Acids Binary acids (hydrogen + a single element) are called hydro_______ic acids. Ex. H2S is hydrosulfuric acid and HCl is hydrochloric acid

Naming Acids Oxyacids (hydrogen + a polyatomic ion) are called: _______ic acids if the name of the ion ends in “ate” Ex. HNO3 is nitric acid and H2CO3 is Carbonic Acid If the poly atomic ends in an “ite” it is called ____________ous acid HNO2 is nitrous acid and H3PO3 is Phosphorous Acid

Naming Bases Write the name of the metal first and then add hydroxide. Ex. Sodium hydroxide NaOH Calcium hydroxide Ca(OH)2 Aluminum hydroxide Al(OH)3

What is the pH scale? The pH scale measures how acidic or basic a solution is.

The pH scale (Power of Hydrogen) The pH scale is the concentration of hydrogen ions in a given substance.

Identifying Acids and Bases Acids have a ph from 0-7 Lower pH value indicates a stronger acid. ***7 is NEUTRAL*** Bases have a pH from 7-14 Higher pH value indicates a stronger base.