Jeffersonian Philosophy Supported strict interpretation of Constitution=weak central gov’t Supported small gov’t and less taxes Agricultural (farming) society Sided with the French Presidency with no trappings

Louisiana Purchase France secretly acquired territory in 1800 Napoleon willing to sell for war $ Mission sent to buy N.O. Bought the whole territory for $15 million Purchasing land not mentioned in Constitution…

The Louisiana Purchase

Lewis and Clark lead the Corps of Discovery

Vice President Aaron Burr “Northern Confederacy” Split from Democratic Republican party Rivalry leads to a duel between Burr and Hamilton Hamilton killed, Burr in exile Burr plotted to form his own empire in the Louisiana territory

John Marshall’s Court (1801-1835) Sought to increase Court’s and federal (national) gov’t power Federalist ideas Marbury v. Madison Judicial review McCullough v. Maryland Implied powers

Foreign Relations - Neutral Rights, Impressment, Embargo Jefferson cut the size of the military by more than half French and British both threaten US ships on high seas British impress American citizens (Chesapeake-Leonard Affair) Jefferson decides to abandon all trade with the Embargo Act

The Embargo Act 1807 No foreign trade at all Economic slump begins Embargo-runners emerge Liability for Rep. party

James and Dolley Madison

James Madison Jefferson’s Secretary of State Most intelligent of Founding Fathers “Father of the Constitution” Won 1808 and 1812 elections

The War of 1812: Causes US desired Spanish Florida (Spain and England allied) British impressment Secure a foreign market for US crops “War Hawks” Definition: Members of Congress from the South and West who desperately wanted war with Great Britain and with Native Americans, in order to protect the interests of America. The leader of the War Hawks was Henry Clay, who was Speaker of the House in the months leading up to the War of 1812. Another leading War Hawk was John C. Calhoun

War Hawks Definition: Members of Congress from the South and West who desperately wanted war with Great Britain and with Native Americans, in order to protect the interests of America. The leader of the War Hawks was Henry Clay, who was Speaker of the House in the months leading up to the War of 1812. Another leading War Hawk was John C. Calhoun

Vision of the War Hawks

Fighting Begins Britain distracted by Napoleon until 1813 Invasion of Canada fails Harrison defeats Tecumseh Jackson ravages Indians in Florida

The Burning of Washington

Hartford Convention Opposition grows as war enters 1815 Federalists in New England meet Considered secession, listed grievances Right of nullification stated After New Orleans, convention looks absurd and the Federalists disappear

Criticism of Hartford Convention This picture attacks the Hartford Convention, a series of secret meetings of New England Federalists held in December 1814 Complete Explanation: Charles's satire attacks the Hartford Convention, a series of secret meetings of New England Federalists held in December 1814. The artist caricatures radical secessionist leader Timothy Pickering and lampoons the inclinations toward secession by convention members Rhode Island, Massachusetts, and Connecticut, alleging encouragement from English King George III. In the center, on a shore kneels Timothy Pickering, with hands clasped praying, "I, Strongly and most fervently pray for the success of this great leap which will change my vulgar name into that of my Lord of Essex. God save the King." On a precipice above him, a man, representing Massachusetts, pulls two others (Rhode Island and Connecticut) toward the edge. Rhode Island: "Poor little I, what will become of me? this leap is of a frightful size -- I sink into despondency." Connecticut: "I cannot Brother Mass; let me pray and fast some time longer -- little Rhode will jump the first." Massachusetts: "What a dangerous leap!!! but we must jump Brother Conn." Across the water, on the right, sits George III with arms stretched out toward the men on the cliff. He calls, "O'tis my Yankey boys! jump in my fine fellows; plenty molasses and Codfish; plenty of goods to Smuggle; Honours, titles and Nobility into the bargain." On the left, below the cliff, is a medallion inscribed with the names of Perry, McDonough, Hull, and other heroes of the War of 1812 and decorated with a ribbon which reads, "This is the produce of the land they wish to abandon."

Treaty of Ghent 1814 Signed before the Battle of New Orleans Did NOT address impressment (the alleged cause of the war) No real changes from 1812 Simply stopped the fighting Led to other treaties Rush-Bagot disarmed the Great Lakes Economic agreements

Battle of New Orleans

Battle of New Orleans Made a hero of Andrew Jackson Over 2,000 casualties for British, about 20 for US Biggest highlight of the war