Kangaroo Mother Care Mali Nah’Tivah Ross Twin infants are receiving skin-to-skin Kangaroo Mother Care contact at Gabriel Touré Hospital in Bamako, Mali.

Mali, Africa Where: interior Western Africa, southwest of Algeria, north of Guinea, Cote d'Ivoire, and Burkina Faso, west of Niger Geography: landlocked; divided into three natural zones: the Southern, Cultivated Sudanese; the Central, Semiarid Sahelian; and the northern, arid Saharan Natural Resources: gold, phosphates, kaolin, salt, limestone, uranium, gypsum, granite, hydropower Terrain: mostly flat to rolling northern plains covered by sand; savanna in south, rugged hills in northeast Population:17,467,108 (July, 2016) Official Language: French, Mali has 13 national languages in addition to its official language Slightly less than twice the size of Texas "The World Factbook: MALI." Central Intelligence Agency. Central Intelligence Agency, 12 Jan. 2017. Web. 20 Feb. 2017.

Infant Mortality Rate: Country

Demographics High total fertility rate of 6 children per woman Despite decreases, Mali’s infant, child, and maternal mortality rates remain among the highest in sub-Saharan Africa because of limited access to and adoption of family planning early childbearing, short birth intervals the prevalence of female genital cutting infrequent use of skilled birth attendants lack of emergency obstetrical and neonatal care AJ+. "Why Is Mali's Infant Mortality Rate Almost Three Times the Global Average?" Medium. AJ+ On the News, 11 Feb. 2015. Web. 20 Feb. 2017.

KMC Implementation in Mali Infant mortality rate: Total: 100 deaths/1,000 live births Male: 106.6 deaths/1,000 live births Female: 93.2 deaths/1,000 live births (2016 est.) Maternal mortality rate: 587 deaths/100,000 live births Mali is the 2nd country in the world, after Afghanistan with the highest infant mortality rate and the 18th in maternal mortality rate. Nurse Fatoumata Kamissoko helps a mother wrap her baby in the Kangaroo Mother Care position. Bamako, Mali

2008: Save the Children opened its first Kangaroo Mother Care Center KMC is often conceptualized around three components: Skin-to-skin position: The baby is secured upright in a skin-to-skin position against the mother’s chest. Nutrition: Exclusive breastfeeding (which includes the feeding of expressed breast milk) is the preferred choice of feeding whenever possible. Discharge and follow-up: The baby is discharged home in the skin-to-skin position as soon as breastfeeding has been established, the infant gains weight and the mother is competent in the handling of her baby and receives ambulatory care with regular follow-up/review visits to a health care facility The components of kangaroo mother care BERGH, Dr Anne-Marie. EVALUATION OF KANGAROO MOTHER CARE SERVICES IN MALI (2012): 1-38. Web. 20 Feb. 2017.

KMC three phases: pre-implementation, implementation and institutionalization Phase 1: Creation of awareness and commitment to implementation (pre-implementation phase) Phase 2: followed by preparation to implementation and initial implementation (implementation phase) Phase 3: ending with integration into routine practice and sustaining practice (institutionalization phase) Stages of progress in implementation

Thank you Nah’Tivah Ross