Binary Lesson 4 Classful IP Addresses

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Binary Lesson 4 Classful IP Addresses Last modified 9-25-13

IP Addresses (version 4) IP addresses are 32 bits long Four bytes or "octets" Examples: 147.144.1.212 1.2.3.4 192.168.0.1 Each octet must be in the range 0 to 255 2

Network and Host Portions Class A Addresses An IP address of 1.2.3.4 specifies both the network and the host The network portion tells the Internet routers where to send packets The host portion tells routers on the destination LAN which host the packet is destined for

Network and Host Portions Class A Addresses For Class A addresses like 1.2.3.4 The network portion is the first octet 1 The host portion is the last three octets 2.3.4 This system was used until 1981

1981: Class A, B, C Addresses Class A (1.2.3.4) Class B (140.5.6.7) Network portion: first octet (1) Host portion: last three octets (2.3.4) Class B (140.5.6.7) Network portion: first two octets (140.5) Host portion: last two octets (6.7) Class C (199.7.8.9) Network portion: first three octets (199.7.8) Host portion: last octet (9)

First Octet Determines Class Class A First octet from 1 to 127 Class B First octet from 128 to 191 Class C First octet from 192 to 223

Network and Host Portions Consider this address: 147.144.0.1 Class B The first 2 octets determine the network 147.144 The last two octets determine the host 0.1

Private Addresses These ranges are used only on private networks, and cannot be used on the Internet 10.x.x.x 172-16.x.x – 172.31.x.x 192.168.x.x 169.254.x.x

Loopback Address The loopback address is 127.0.0.1 It refers to the machine you are using, and cannot be used to contact any other machine All other addresses in that class A network are reserved and unusable on networks 127.0.0.2 – 127.255.255.255