Joints.

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Presentation transcript:

Joints

Joints: Arthrology Weakest part of skeleton Formed at meeting of two bones FX: mobility

Ligaments and Tendons Hold joints together Ligaments: hold bone to bone Tendon: hold muscle to bone

Classes of Joints 2 Types of Classification: Functional Structural

Functional Joints

1. Synarthrosis (immobile): skull

2. Amphiarthrosis (slightly mobile): spinal column

3. Diarthrosis (freely movable): appendicular skeleton

Structural Classification

1. Fibrous Joints: sutures Flat bones with fibrous connective tissue Bone-in-socket (teeth)

2. Cartilagenous: 2 types: Synchondrosis: bound with hyaline cartilage (ribs to sternum) Symphysis: hyaline and a pad of fibrous (pubic and vertebral

3. Synovial Joints: Characteristics Articular Cartilage Joint Cavity: bones held with ligaments Synovial Membrane: secretes fluid for lubricant Synovial Fluid: oil lubricant – changes consistency during activity Reinforcing Ligaments: Intracapsular (inside) and extracapsular (outside)

3. Synovial Joints: Characteristics Meniscus: -cushion/spacer of cartilage (fibrous) -crescent shaped Bursae: “purse” -bags of lubricant -act as ball bearings to reduce friction -Bursitis: inflammation of bursae

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