Using Data to Assess Fair Housing NCSHA Conference, Denver, October 16, 2017 Advances in Fair Housing Strategies Using Data to Assess Fair Housing Peter A. Tatian Urban Institute

This report was funded by the Ford Foundation. Divided into 2 main sections. Part I introduces how community organizations can use secondary data to improve access to opportunity and support fair housing. Provides examples from three communities. Describes types of secondary data and the resources available, including online tools and platforms and potential institutional partners, to help organizations navigate and find the right information. Part II of this guide delivers more detailed information about data sources related to fair housing and access to opportunity, including demographics, housing, and land use, but also things like environment, health, and public safety. Under each topic appropriate sources of national and local data are described along with potential indicators.

How can data inform strategy? What is your organization’s primary goal? Examples: provide evidence of disparities, hold institutions accountable, target programs and resources Who are you trying to influence, that is, who is the intended audience? What is the key message to convey? What information gaps must be filled so your organization can meet its objectives? How can your audience be engaged to share the data? Part 1: Data in action

What are the trade-offs? Geographic level Address, parcel, census tract/block group Geographic coverage Timeliness Accessibility Online platforms, open data portals, data use agreements Ease of use Costs Purchase data; labor to obtain, clean, and analyze data

What resources aid in finding and analyzing data? State and Local Institutions State, regional, and local agencies Local data intermediaries Example: National Neighborhood Indicators Partnership (NNIP) Universities and colleges State data centers Federal Reserve Banks Community-based organizations

What resources aid in finding and analyzing data? Data Platforms American FactFinder http://factfinder.census.gov Community Commons http://www.communitycommons.org/ HUD’s Affirmatively Furthering Fair Housing Tool https://egis.hud.gov/affht/ HUD CPD Maps https://egis.hud.gov/cpdmaps/ National Equity Atlas http://nationalequityatlas.org/ PolicyMap http://www.policymap.com/

Demographics and Segregation Rich, easily accessed demographic data from the American Communities Survey Many data platforms provide diversity indices Potential for more timely local data Vital Statistics Public School Enrollment Part 2: Data sources for fair housing and access to opportunity

Subsidized Housing National Sources Sources on subsidized units Comprehensive Housing Affordability Strategy (CHAS) A Picture of Subsidized Housing Sources on subsidized units National Preservation Database Departments of Housing and Community Development State Housing Finance Agencies Local Property Data National Preservation Database – Extensive database of federally-subsidized housing. Comprehensive Housing Affordability Strategy (CHAS) – Special tabulation of ACS data, usually 1-2 years behind. Detailed disaggregation by multiple variables. (but can still get basic level of cost burden from ACS) Departments of Housing and Community Development/State Housing Finance Agencies – Sources of administrative data on state and locally subsidized housing. Local property data covers much more than subsidized housing, but can be matched to data on subsidized units to provide more detail. [MYCHAL – we should mention the local property data here too – we can say it’s advanced…] - Multifamily housing isn’t a category though for us right? Can you reframe the slide to match a category in the report?

Residential Mobility and Displacement Difficult to track directly, multiple proxies ACS variables on recent movers Foreclosures Evictions Home Mortgage Disclosure Act Foreclosure data – legal records, recorder of deeds Eviction data – court records, sheriff’s offices, difficult to obtain HMDA – data on who is entering neighborhood Reference Lisa K. Bates gentrification risk work? - [LH – sounds like a good idea or at least mention a few of the indicators that it uses?]

Poverty and Social Services ACS is a strong national source for data on poverty Limited national small-area data on services Tax returns receiving earned income tax credit Old-age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance Richer local data on services, high degree of difficulty Temporary Assistance for Needy Families Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program Unemployment Insurance

AFH Supplemental Data Use Analysis of 26 assessments of fair housing on common sources and uses of data: Local Public transportation utilization (local departments of transportation) School and student performance (local and state departments of education) Public housing and housing choice voucher recipients (housing authorities) Local data and studies on employment, health, housing, etc. (local universities) Community health needs assessments, lead testing (local health department) Supplemental Demographic data from platforms such as the National Equity Atlas Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) data on home loans Additional tables from the American Community Survey

Segregation in the HCV Program Map courtesy Maxwell Ciardullo, Greater New Orleans Fair Housing Action Center

New Orleans Local Health Data Maps courtesy Maxwell Ciardullo, Greater New Orleans Fair Housing Action Center

Guide appendices Appendix A. Small-Area Data Inventory Appendix B. Data Crosswalk for the Assessment of Fair Housing Data Guide Category Data Guide Topic AFH Category AFH Section AFH Topic Description Demographics and Segregation Demographic Summary A.1 Describe demographic patterns in the jurisdiction and region, and describe trends over time (at least since 1990). Segregation/Integration B.i.1.a Describe and compare segregation levels in the jurisdiction and region. Identify the racial/ethnic groups that experience the highest levels of segregation. B.i.1.b Identify areas in the jurisdiction and region with relatively high segregation and integration by race/ethnicity, national origin, or LEP group, and indicate the predominant groups living in each areas. B.i.1.c Explain how these segregation levels and patterns in the jurisdiction and region have changed over time (since 1990)

Download the guide at http://urbn.is/2yFgvIb Peter A. Tatian Senior Fellow ptatian@urban.org @PeterTatian Guide and appendices are available for download from Urban.org. Also a webinar by the authors and presenters from Philadelphia and New Orleans.