Analysis of Pharmaceuticals & Personal Care Products

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Presentation transcript:

Analysis of Pharmaceuticals & Personal Care Products USEPA New England Laboratory Peter Philbrook {EIA} & Hilary Snook {ECA}

PPCPs What Are They? Prescription medications Over The Counter medication Shampoo, perfume, insect repellent, sunscreen, detergents Coffee, tea, soft drinks, nicotine…

History 1975 detection of Clofibric Acid Subsequent Investigations found Aspirin, Caffeine, Nicotine Waste Water Treatment Plants are not effective in removal

Last Decade Numerous studies have found anthropogenic compounds USGS Study March 2002 139 Streams 95 Organic Wastewater Contaminants

Sources Household discharges to WWTP or Septic Systems Hospitals Terrestrial Run-Off from Confined Animal Feeding Operations (CAFOs) Veterinary Antibiotics and pharmaceuticals

Improvements in Technology Solid Phase Extraction Enrichment Detection by LC/MS

Solid Phase Extraction Manifold

HPLC / MS Instrumentation

ESI + Target Compounds Compound Application RL (ug/L) Acetaminophen Pain reliever .050 Caffeine Stimulant 1,7-Dimethylxanthine Caffeine metabolite Cotinine Nicotine metabolite Sulfamethazine Antibiotic .025 Sulfamethoxazole Trimethoprim .010 Lincomycin Tylosin

APCI / ESI - Target Compounds Application RL (ug/L) Bisphenol A Plasticizer 0.050 Mestranol Ovulation Inhibitor Estrone Reproductive Hormone 17 b-Estradiol Estriol cis-Androterone Urinary Steroid 17a-Ethynyl Estradiol 19-Norethisterone

How Much is One Part Per Trillion One drop of water in 660 rail tank cars. That’s a train six miles long! Dissolve one grain of salt in 1247 bath tubs full of water(44,893 gals), that’s like taking a shower for 12.5 days!

Why Do We Care? Pathogen resistance to antibiotics Over prescribed & under used Human and Veterinary (biosolids) Endocrine system disruption Macho Mosquito Fish Vitellogenin Wombmate studies

Nutshell Endocrinology

Project Goals Regional targeted screening WWTP’s & effluent dominated waters Develop the analytical capabilities Synoptic look at what is going into our waters…..first step Next steps?

How Are We Doing It? Clean hands, grab or composite sampling Sampling being conducted by State agencies Maine: 19 locations Vermont: 12 Locations New Hampshire: 2 samples, 1 location Connecticut: 12 locations? FOR MORE INFO... http://www.epa.gov/esd/chemistry/pharma