What have the Romans ever done for us? Connect What have the Romans ever done for us? Lesson Objective. To analyse and reach a judgement on the significance of events, people and features of Iron Age and early Roman Britain. Starter. Can you have a go at this task at the start of this project? How can we tell that the Romans were important in Britain? Explain the reason Britain changed under the Romans Describe in detail a change the Romans introduced to Britain List 5 things the Romans brought to Britain This is the introduction to our new topic and skill complete with starter activity Tell the kids that the Title, Date and Objective is on the next slide as this is not todays lesson just an overview slide British Iron Age see website click on picture in fill screen Around 800 BC iron working techniques reached Britain from Europe. Whilst bronze was still used for objects such as jewellery, iron was used for tools. Iron Age Britain was essentially rural with most people living in small villages. Iron axes and iron tipped ploughs make farming more efficient and output increased. Wheat, barley, beans and greens were grown in small fields. Timber was used for fuel and for building houses, carts, furniture and tools. Cattle provided milk and leather and were used to pull the plough while sheep provided milk, meat and wool. Chickens were introduced in the first century AD. Another form of constructed community space were the hilltop settlements which began to be built in the late Bronze Age around 1100 BC. These may have been defensive or used for social and trading gatherings. Communities had contacts with each other and Western Europe. Through these contacts La Tène art styles spread (from 450 BC) until they were used across most of the British Isles. Trade, internal and with continental Europe, flourished, based on Britain's mineral resources. From around 150 BC the use of coins developed within the elite of south-east Britain. British Iron Age people did not build temples or shrines to worship their gods and there are very few statues of these gods. Instead, gods were seen as being everywhere and religious offerings were made in the home, around farms, in the countryside and in watery places like rivers or lakes.. By the start of the first century AD, south-east Britain was controlled by powerful rulers who had contact with the Roman Empire. Rulers such as Tincomarus, Tasciovanus and Cunobelinus are known from the coinage they produced. They controlled areas of land from centres such as St Albans, Colchester, Chichester and Silchester.

Discover, Develop, Delight The Buildings Below Ground Can you guess what clues the Iron Age Britons left behind? Archaeologists have quite a detailed picture of life in Iron Age Britain, although the people of this period left little behind them in the way of material goods. What clues do we have to the lives they led, and how did the knowledge we have of them emerge? Deliberate Burial IF TIME…. What has survived from Iron Age Britain provides the essential evidence that archaeologists use to reconstruct all aspects of life during the period. The small amount of historical (i.e. written) evidence for the period was from a foreign viewpoint and only refers to some aspects of life in the last 150 years of the period. Thus Iron Age Britain can only be directly understood from the archaeological evidence: the material remains of buildings and settlements, and the things Iron Age people ate, made and used. But why has anything survived from the Iron Age at all? When in ‘view show’ click on the head for the website link Iron Age rubbish disposal Archaeological finds Accidental Finds

Late Iron Age Britons lived in round houses with a thatched roof.

Iron Age Britain Evidence 1 Study the picture inside a round house. Can you list the different activities that are being carried out? EXT: If this picture was from the Roman era to what extent do you think items would have changed?

Discover, Develop, Delight Evidence 2 Discover, Develop, Delight Wednesday, 19 November 2008 A rise in the use of metal detectors has boosted the amount of treasure being found. This gold and silver Iron Age torc estimated at £350,000 is the most expensive item of UK treasure unearthed recently What is the object? What does it suggest about the Iron Age? Why is this object significant today? What is the object? What does it suggest about the Iron Age? What is the object?

Discover, Develop, Delight Evidence 3 Discover, Develop, Delight The town became a major processing and trading centre. Locally manufactured goods, such as horse and chariot gear, were exchanged for metals, grain, slaves and other commodities from across southern Britain. In turn these were passed to the Roman world in exchange for luxury foodstuffs and manufactured goods. Artists impression of an Iron Age tribal centre, based on archaeological evidence Students have already learnt unit 1 – What is History. They will be able to record different types of evidence. Oral Written Images Artefacts Primary sceondary What is the evidence? What does it suggest about the Iron Age? Compare with evidence 1 to get a more complete picture. What is the evidence? What does it suggest about the Iron Age? What is the evidence?

Discover, Develop, Delight Evidence 4 Discover, Develop, Delight The true meaning of this ancient, awe-inspiring creation has been lost in the mists of time. Was it a temple for sun worship, a healing centre, a burial site or perhaps a huge calendar? How did our ancestors manage to carry the mighty stones from so far away and then, using only the most primitive of tools, build this amazing structure? Surrounded by mystery, Stonehenge never fails to impress. What is the object? What does it suggest about the Iron Age? Compare with evidence 1 and 2 to get a more complete picture. What is the object? What does it suggest about the Iron Age? Compare with evidence 1 to get a more complete picture. What is the object? What does it suggest about the Iron Age? What is the object?

Can you guess…? How do you think the Romans changed Iron Age Britain? Discover, Develop, Delight Use the images to help you make your predictions Can you guess…? How do you think the Romans changed Iron Age Britain? How would British homes change? Would Britain become more or less well off? Would Britain’s landscape change? Would Britain’s religion change?

Discover, Develop, Delight Can you identify how new Roman ideas and ways of doing things changed Britain? This is called cause and consequence where one event (the cause) makes another event happen (the consequence). Think of other situations perhaps from your everyday life that are a result of cause of consequence. For example if you don’t study (cause ) you won’t get a high mark in your assessment (consequence).

Evidence 1

Evidence 2

Evidence 3

Evidence 4

Romans Vs Celts Stretch and Challenge Pupils are to complete the table using these two images. Stretch and Challenge Which soldier do YOU think would win in a battle? Explain your answer by using the examples that you have come up from the previous lesson on the Roman army.

Comparing the Romans and the Celts In your books copy the following diagram. Good things about the Romans Good things about the Celts

Homework Imagine you are from a proud Iron Age family living in your roundhouse when the Roman invade. Do you escape into the countryside and fight the Romans in order to preserve your way of life, or accept Roman ways and become a Roman?