Human Body Organs and Functions Mary Tweedy, Curriculum Support Specialist Keisha Kidd, Curriculum Support Specialist Dr. Millard Lightburn, Elementary Science Supervisor Department of Mathematics and Science
Department of Mathematics and Science Big Idea 14: Organization and Development of Living Organizations: SC.5.L.14.1 Identify the organs in the human body and describe their functions, including the skin, brain, heart, lungs, stomach, liver, intestines, pancreas, muscles and skeleton, reproductive organs, kidneys, bladder, and sensory organs. 5E’s Department of Mathematics and Science
Department of Mathematics and Science Nervous System The brain is the main organ of the nervous system. The brain is the control system for your body. The brain uses a special type of tissue called nerves that will send and receive signals from the brain to the rest of the body. Without a connection to the brain the body will not function. Department of Mathematics and Science
Department of Mathematics and Science Sensory Organs The brain also uses input from other organs when making decisions about how your body should act. These “sensory organs” control your senses and send signals to the brain about the world around you. Which organs control our senses? Eyes- Sight Ears- Hearing Tongue- Taste Nose- Smell Skin- Touch Department of Mathematics and Science
Department of Mathematics and Science Skin What covers my arms, legs, and chin? Skin! What protects each ankle and shin? What’s layered so it isn’t too thin? What helps keep my body parts in? What stretches whenever I grin? Engage: Have students read the poem. Ask what is the function of our skin? Listen to responses. Then students can also read ScienceSaurus Handbook p. 119 and Gr. 5 SF textbook p. 45 to find out more. Go to the next slide. Department of Mathematics and Science
What does our Skin do for us? Protects your other organs and tissues. Helps maintain a stable body temperature. Water and wastes leave your skin in perspirations. Structures such as hair and sensory organs are contained in the skin. What’s special about the skin when compared to all other organs? It’s the largest organ in your body. Explain: Say: Let’s watch the video to find out about our skin. Click on the hyperlink Skin in the title. What are its functions? What’s special about our skin compared to other organs? (it’s the largest) Department of Mathematics and Science
Sensory Organs Exploration Just below the outer layer of the skin we have sense organs that respond to pressure, pain, and temperature. There are two types of temperature receptors: Hot receptors respond to things hotter than our skin. Cold receptors respond to things colder than our skin. They are clustered together in hot spots and cold spots. While a thermometer can tell us the exact temperature of something. We can only compare the temperature of our skin. Engage: Ask what are our sensory organs? ( eyes, nose, ears…..) Have students read the first paragraph. What do sensory organs in the skin respond to? Explore: Say we’re going to do an investigation to look at how the sense organs located in our skin respond to temperature. Department of Mathematics and Science
Sensory Organs Our body uses our sensory organs to detect a stimulus (a change around you.) Special cells called neurons are used to send signals to and from the brain when a stimulus is detected. Sensory neurons carry messages from the sensory organs to the brain. They tell you what is around you. Motor neurons carry messages to your muscles telling you how to respond to the stimulus. What are the sensory organs? (eyes, nose, ears, receptors in our skin tissue) What is the function of our sensory organs? What is reaction time? What does the brain do? Students can make the Brain at Work foldable to read for more information.
Department of Mathematics and Science Penny Drop Explore How your brain processes messages from the sensory organs? Materials: 2 players 1 penny Procedure: One player holds out his or her hand, with the palm facing up. The other player will hold a penny above the 1st player’s hand and drop the penny. The 1st player will try to move his/her hand out of the way before penny hits it. Switch roles. Experiment with dropping the penny from different heights. Explain: Was it easier or harder to move your hand away when the penny from a greater height? Why? Elaborate: Let’s watch a video on the Central Nervous System to learn more. Assign partners and pass out a penny to each. Go over procedures. Department of Mathematics and Science
Department of Mathematics and Science Reproductive Organs *Warning* This is a fifth grade classroom. Any kindergarteners will be dismissed from the room with a detention. Department of Mathematics and Science
Reproduction: Males The male reproductive organ are the testes (testicles) They are responsible for creating sperm cells used in reproduction
Reproduction: Females The female reproductive organ are the ovaries. Ovaries store the eggs used in creating a baby. From the time they are born girls have all the eggs they will ever produce stored in the ovaries.