History of Athletic Training

Objectives Students will be able to: Recognize the historical foundations of athletic training Identify educational requirements of becoming an athletic trainer Identify health care personnel that work together

History Roman Empire coaches, trainers, doctors Fall of the Roman Empire decreased interest in sports Renaissance rebirth of athletics and need for a trainer

History Modern views late 19th century known as “the rubber” & “jack of all trades” no knowledge of injuries, wanted to follow teams prescribed home remedies, rub downs taken a while to gain a respectable reputation

Timeline 1917 1920 1932 first text by Dr. S.E. Bilik Trainer’s Bible Cramer family provided liniment to treat ankle sprains 1932 Cramer family began publication of First Aider http://www.cramersportsmed.com/first_aider.jsp

Timeline 1930 1947-1950 effort to establish a national organization WWII broke out 1947-1950 Effort once again to establish nat’l organization Separated into regions

Timeline 1950 Today there are 33,498 NATA members first convention with 101 trainers Today there are 33,498 NATA members 42,681 total AT in US 2005 – 30,439 members 1990 – 14,598 members Sponsors (Gatorade and Tinactin) Recognized by the AMA in 1990 40 years after first meeting! www.nata.org

Educational Requirements of Yester-year 2 paths available Curriculum Requires 4 year college degree 1500 hours of experience, usually done on their own Class work Internship No curriculum path or class work 3000 hours

Educational Requirements of Today Curriculum Path Requires a 4 year college degree Major in Athletic Training (Arts or Science) (Transitioning to Master’s degree by 2018) Sport assignments Minimum 1200 hours under direct supervision of Approved Clinical Instructor Class work and projects

Education Continued Must attend a college or university accredited by CAATE Approximately 300 schools in the nation are approved In our area: EWU WSU Whitworth U Boise State OSU Linfield College University of Montana (Go Griz!)

NATA-BOC Test Yesterday First Exam given in 1971 San Jose State University Three parts Oral Written Written simulation

The Test Today Computerized test Cheaper Faster People are used to computers Technology is better 175 items including multiple-choice questions, stand-alone alternative item types, and focused testlets consisting of alternative item types Is this the right way to go?

NATA Stands for: National Athletic Trainers Association Governing body for all athletic trainers ATC – Athletic Trainer, Certified BOC – Board of Certification

Regulation may be in the form of: Licensure Limits practice of athletic training to those who have met minimal requirements established by a state licensing board Limits the number of individuals who can perform functions related to athletic training as dictated by the practice act Most restrictive of all forms of regulation

Certification Registration Does not restrict using the title of athletic trainer to those certified by the state Can restrict performance of athletic training functions to only those individuals who are certified Registration Before an individual can practice athletic training he or she must register in that state Individual has paid a fee for being placed on an existing list of practitioners but says nothing about competency

Exemption State recognizes that an athletic trainer performs similar functions to other licensed professions (e.g. physical therapy), yet still allows them to practice athletic training despite the fact that they do not comply with the practice acts of other regulated professions Legislation regulating the practice of athletic training has been positive and to some extent protects the athletic trainer from litigation

Who is involved in Athletic Medicine? Umbrella policy Who is involved in Athletic Medicine?

Job description- Performance domains (OLD) Prevention Clinical Evaluation & Diagnosis Immediate Care Treatment, Rehabilitation & Reconditioning Organization & Administration Professional Responsibility

Domains (New) Injury/Illness Prevention and Wellness Protection Clinical Evaluation and Diagnosis Immediate and Emergency Care Treatment and Rehabilitation Organizational and Professional Health and Well-being

Physical Therapist and Athletic Trainers It is not unusual to find a physical therapist interested in sports and athletics working toward certification as an athletic trainer A certified athletic trainer interested in working with patients outside of the athletic population may work toward licensure as a physical therapist

Historically, the relationship between athletic trainers and physical therapists has been less than cooperative There has been failure to clarify the roles of each group in injury rehabilitation Academic preparation is similar Individual who holds a dual credential is more marketable